The antigens are expressed in the nuclei of the cells in the S-phase hence the staining is confined to the dividing cells.
HEp2 metaphase: Centriole
Mitotic antibody
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HEp2 cells
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Usually only one dot is seen but the second dot appears in teh s-phase.
Antigen: Centriole/centrosome proteins
Clinical: Raynaud's phenomenon, scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome and CREST.
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HEp2 metaphase: MSA-1 (mitotic spindle type 1)
Mitotic antibody
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HEp2 cells
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Antigen: NuMA
Clinical: Uncommon clinically non-specific pattern.
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HEp2 metaphase: MSA-2 (midbody, mitotic spindle type 2)
Mitotic antibody
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HEp2 cells
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Antigen: Fibrillar synthesis protein of nuclear membrane. The binding of the antibody is confined to the cleavage furrow.
Clinical: RA, inflammatory conditions
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Below are two variation of antibodies to Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigens (PCNA) which are expressed in the nuclei of cells during DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle.
HEp2 metaphase: Pleomorphic speckled (PCNA)
Mitotic antibody
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HEp2 cells
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Antigen: Cyclin I, The pattern of staining ranges from fine to coarse speckled. The mitotic in cyclin type 1 are negative compared to cyclin II
Clinical: SLE, lymphoma, lymphoproliferative disease.
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HEp2 metaphase: Cyclin II
Mitotic antibody
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HEp2 cells
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Antigen: Cyclin II, similar to cyclin I except for the presence of dots in the mitotics.
Clinical: Various carcinomas .
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