Justin Cruickshank’s research interests concern the development of post-positivist theorising in social and political theory. Specific topics engaged with include concept formation, the justification strategies of different meta-theories and the role of normative commitments in theorising.

He was a Visiting Scholar at the Department for the History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge in 2008 and was invited to give a presentation at a conference on Popper and objective knowledge in the social sciences at the European University Institute in 2009. Justin’s research began with adapting the critical realist tradition by emphasising the need for conceptual development in empirical research with this being applied to empirical research into unemployment. He subsequently moved away from critical realism, taking more of an interest in debates about fallibilistic models of science, pragmatism and Popper’s philosophy. He has published a monograph with Routledge, an edited book with Routledge, journal articles in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences, the Sociological Review, Health, Res Publica and the Journal of Critical Realism, together with review articles in Sociology and the Journal of Critical Realism, and a variety of chapters in edited collections

Justin teaches social theory and the philosophy of social science on the MA Social and Political Theory and the year 3 undergraduate module ‘Contemporary Social Theory’ (which he convenes). He also teaches classical social theory on the second year undergraduate module ‘Modern Social Theory’ as well as convening the first year module ‘Social Worlds And The Sociological Imagination’ and lecturing on ‘Social Divisions’.

Research and academic interests

• Philosophy of the Social Sciences
• Social Theory
• Pragmatism
• Critical Realism

• Books

Cruickshank, J. (ed.) 2003. Critical Realism: The Difference It Makes. London: Routledge. [Available as a hardback, and a paperback via Routledge ‘Paperbacks Direct’.]

Cruickshank, J. 2002. Realism And Sociology: Anti-Foundationalism, Ontology And Social Research. London: Routledge. [Available as a hardback, and a paperback via Routledge ‘Paperbacks Direct’.]

• Articles

Cruickshank, J. 2012. ‘Positioning Positivism, Social Constructionism And Critical Realism In The Health Sciences: A Philosophical Orientation’, Nursing Inquiry: Interdisciplinary Perspectives On Policy And Healthcare. 19 (1): 71-82 (special issue on critical realism). First published online in July 2011.

Cruickshank, J. 2010. ‘Knowing Social Reality: A Critique Of Bhaskar And Archer’s Attempt To Derive A Social Ontology From Lay Knowledge’, Philosophy Of The Social Sciences, 40 (4): 579-602. First published online in July 2009.

Cruickshank, J. 2010. ‘Structures, Agents And Criticism: Assessing Bhaskar’s Fact-To-Value And Value-To-Fact Arguments’, Politics 30 (3): 168-173.

Cruickshank, J. 2007. ‘The Usefulness Of Fallibilism: A Popperian Critique Of Critical Realism’, Philosophy Of The Social Sciences, 37 (3): 263–288.

Clark, A.M., Macintrye, P. D., and Cruickshank, J. 2007. ‘A Critical Realist Approach To Understanding And Evaluating Heart Health Programmes’, Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal For The Social Study Of Heath, Illness And Medicine, 11 (4): 513-539.

• Review Articles And Reviews

Cruickshank, J. Forthcoming 2013. Review of I. A. Reed 'Interpretation And Social Knowledge: On The Use Of Theory In The Human Sciences', Cultural Sociology.

Cruickshank, J. 2008. ‘Some Realistic Considerations On The Death Of Philosophy’, Journal of Critical Realism 7 (2): 314-329. [A review article dealing with: G. Calder ‘Rorty’s Politics Of Redescription’.]

Cruickshank, J. 2007. ‘Seeking The Tower Of Babel’, Sociology 41 (4): 741-748.

[A review article dealing with: P. Baert ‘Philosophy Of The Social Sciences’; B. Berberoglu ‘An Introduction To Classical And Contemporary Social Theory’; S. Clarke ‘From Enlightenment To Risk’ And G. Delanty ‘Social Science’.]

• Working Papers

Cruickshank, J. 2011.‘The Positive And The Negative: Assessing Critical Realism And Social Constructionism As Post-Positivist Approaches To  Empirical Research In The Social Sciences’, Paper 42, International Migaration Institute Working Papers, University of Oxford. Available at: www.imi.ox.ac.uk/publications/working_papers 

Cruickshank, J. 2010. ‘The Importance Of Nominal Problems’ in C. Valentini (ed) On Objective Knowledge In The Social Sciences And Humanities: Karl Popper And Beyond’. European University Institute Working Papers in the Max Weber Programme (2010/37). ISSN 1830-7728. PP. 61-71. Also available online at www.eui.eu/ProgrammesAndFellowships/MaxWeberProgramme/Publications.aspx