This module examines issues relating to policy and management within health systems in developed countries in general and within the NHS in particular. It covers a range of issues, which can be followed up in greater detail in assignments and in option modules. Its coverage includes: Paying for Health; the Development and Structure of the NHS; Health and Health Care Need and Demand; Health Reform and the Future of Acute Hospitals; Measurement of Health, including QALYs; Rationing and Priority Setting; Public Service Ethics; Participation and Consumer Involvement; Primary Health Care Management.