This module uses comparative quantative and qualitive data to explore the multiple linkages between health sector development and development in general and poverty reduction in particular. It examines the case for a strong focus on primary and basic health care, and situates the critical role of curative care in poverty reduction. The module explores the application of public health principles to primary and basic health care, as seen as key to the achievement of the international health and poverty reduction targets. The module explores the prosepcts and problems of international policy and institutional transfer on the basis of experience to date in the health sector. It moves on to consiuder the role and impact of health sector reforms on primary care, health outcomes and poverty reduction, in a context of macro-economic and governance reforms, including the key reforms of the civil services which have substantial impacts in the health sector