Key Publications

Shown here are some of the recent publications which highlight significant advances made by researchers in the Institute of Applied Health Research.

2022

• NIHR Global Research Health Unit on Global Surgery. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2022 Oct 31:S0140-6736(22)01884-0. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01884-0. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36328045.
• NIHR Global Health Unit on Global Surgery; COVIDSurg Collaborative. Elective surgery system strengthening: development, measurement, and validation of the surgical preparedness index across 1632 hospitals in 119 countries. Lancet. 2022 Nov 5;400(10363):1607-1617. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01846-3. Epub 2022 Oct 31. PMID: 36328042; PMCID: PMC9621702.
• Hodgetts Morton V, Toozs-Hobson P, Moakes CA, Middleton L, Daniels J, Simpson NAB, Shennan A, Israfil-Bayli F, Ewer AK, Gray J, Slack M, Norman JE, Lees C, Tryposkiadis K, Hughes M, Brocklehurst P, Morris RK. Monofilament suture versus braided suture thread to improve pregnancy outcomes after vaginal cervical cerclage (C-STICH): a pragmatic randomised, controlled, phase 3, superiority trial. Lancet. 2022 Oct 22;400(10361):1426-1436. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01808-6. PMID: 36273481.

• Theilmann M, Lemp J M, Winkler V, Manne-Goehler J, Marcus M E, Probst C et al. Patterns of tobacco use in low and middle income countries by tobacco product and sociodemographic characteristics: nationally representative survey data from 82 countries. BMJ. 2022; 378 :e067582 doi:10.1136/bmj-2021-067582

• Subramanian A, Nirantharakumar K, Hughes S, Myles P, Williams T, Gokhale KM, et al. Symptoms and Risk Factors for Long COVID in Non-Hospitalized Adults. Nature Medicine. 2022: 1–9. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w.

• Deeks J, Singanayagam A, Houston H, Sitch A, Hakki S, Dunning J et al. SARS-CoV-2 antigen lateral flow tests for detecting infectious people: linked data analysis. BMJ. 2022 Feb 23;376. 066871. 
  

• Sumilo D, Nirantharakumar K, Willis BH, Rudge G, Martin J, Gokhale K et al. Long-term impact of giving prophylactic antibiotics before skin incision versus after cord clamping on children born by caesarean section: longitudinal study based on UK electronic health records. BMJ. 2022 May 17;377. e069704.

• Cruz Rivera S, Aiyegbusi OL,Ives J, Draper H, Mercieca-Bebber R, Ells C, Hunn A, Scott JA, Fernandez CV, Dickens AP, Anderson N, Bhatnagar V, Bottomley A, Campbell L, Collett C, Collis P, Craig K, Davies H, Golub R, Gosden L, Gnanasakthy A, Haf Davies, von Hildebrand M,  Lord JM, Mahendraratnam N, Miyaji T ,Morel T, Monteiro J, Olsen Zwisler AD, Peipert JD, Roydhouse J, Stover AM, Wilson R, Yap C, Calvert MJ. Ethical Considerations for the Inclusion of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Clinical Research: The PRO Ethics Guidelines. JAMA. 2022;327(19):1910-1919. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.6421

• Hughes SE, Haroon S, Subramanian A, McMullan C, Aiyegbusi OL, Turner GM, Jackson L, Davies EH, Frost C, McNamara G, Price G, Matthews K, Camaradou J, Ormerod J, Walker A, Calvert MJ. Development and validation of the symptom burden questionnaire for long covid (SBQ-LC): Rasch analysis. BMJ. 2022 Apr 27;377:e070230. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070230. 

• Tucker KL, Mort S, Yu L-M,  Campbell H,  Rivero-Arias O,  Allen J,  Band R, Chisholm A, Crawford C, Dougal G, Engonidou L, Franssen M, Green M, Greenfield S, Hinton L, Hodgkinson J, Lavallee L, Leeson P, Engonidou  L, Paul Leeson, McCourt C, McKillop L , Sandall J, Santos M, Tarasensenko L, Velardo C, Yardely L, Chappell LCC, McManus RJ. for the BUMP Investigators. Effect of Self-monitoring of Blood Pressure on Diagnosis of Hypertension During Higher-Risk Pregnancy: The BUMP 1 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;327(17):1656–1665. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.4712

• Chappell LC, Tucker KL, Galal U,   Yu L-M,  Campbell H,  Rivero-Arias O,  Allen J,  Chisholm A, Crawford C, Dougal G, Engonidou L, Franssen M, Green M, Greenfield S, Hinton L, Hodgkinson J, Lavallee L, Leeson P, Engonidou  L, ; Paul Leeson, McCourt C, McKillop L , Sandall J, Santos M, Tarasensenko L, Velardo C, Wilson H,  Yardley L, McManus RJ for the BUMP 2 Investigators. Effect of Self-monitoring of Blood Pressure on Blood Pressure Control in Pregnant Individuals With Chronic or Gestational Hypertension: The BUMP 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;327(17):1666–1678 doi:10.1001/jama.2022.4726

• Lambert AM, Parretti HM, Pearce E, Price MJ, Riley M, Ryan R, Tyldesley-Marshall N, Avşar TS, Matthewman G, Lee A, Ahmed K, Odland ML, Correll CU, Solmi M, Marshall T. Temporal trends in associations between severe mental illness and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2022;19(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003960

2021

• COVIDSurg Collaborative. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns on planned cancer surgery for 15 tumour types in 61 countries: an international, prospective, cohort study. Lancet Oncology. Online ahead of print. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00493-9.
• Blackwood B, Tume LN, Morris KP, Clarke M, McDowell C, Hemming K, Peters MJ, McIlmurray L, Jordan J, Agus A, Murray M, Parslow R, Walsh TS, Macrae D, Easter C, Feltbower RG, McAuley DF; SANDWICH Collaborators. Effect of a Sedation and Ventilator Liberation Protocol vs Usual Care on Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021 Aug 3;326(5):401-410. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.10296. PMID: 34342620 Clinical Trial.
• Turner EL, Platt AC, Gallis JA, Tetreault K, Easter C, McKenzie JE, Nash S, Forbes AB, Hemming K; CRT Binary Outcome Reporting Group. Completeness of reporting and risks of overstating impact in cluster randomised trials: a systematic review.   Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Aug;9(8):e1163-e1168. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00200-X. PMID: 34297963 Review.
• Snyder C, Gilbert A, Moher D, Kyte D, Daniels E, King M, Calvert M, Chen RC, Brundage M; PROTEUS consortium. Recommendations for including or reviewing patient reported outcome endpoints in grant applications. BMJ. 2021 Jun 30;373:n1367. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1367. PMID: 34193444.
• Hayes-Ryan D, Khashan A S, Hemming K, Easter C, Devane D, Murphy D J et al. Placental growth factor in assessment of women with suspected pre-eclampsia to reduce maternal morbidity: a stepped wedge cluster randomised control trial (PARROT Ireland) BMJ 2021; 374 :n1857 doi:10.1136/bmj.n1857
• Global PaedSurg Research Collaboration 2021, 'Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study', The Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00767-4
• Teufel , F, Seiglie , JA, Theilmann, M, Marcus , M-E, Ebert, C, Lopez Arboleda , WA, Agoudavi, K, Andall-Brereton, G, Aryal, KK, Brian, G, Bovet, P, Dorobantu, M, Singh Gurung, M, Guwatudde, D, Houehanou, C, Houinato, D, Jorgensen, JMA, Kagaruki, GB, Karki, KB, Labadarios, D, Martins, JS, Mayige, MT, McClure, RW, Mwangi, JK, Mwalim, O, Norov, B, Crooks , S, Farzadfar, F, Moghaddam, SS, Silver, BK, Sturua, L, Wesseh, CS, Stokes, A, Essien , UR, Neve , J-WDPG, Atun, R, Davies, J, Vollmer, S, Bärnighausen, TW, Ali, MK, Meigs , JB, Wexler , DJ & Manne-Goehler, J 2021, 'Body mass index and diabetes risk in fifty-seven low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level data', The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00844-8
• Cohen JF, Deeks JJ, Hooft L, Salameh JP, Korevaar DA, Gatsonis C, Hopewell S, Hunt HA, Hyde CJ, Leeflang MM, Macaskill P, McGrath TA, Moher D, Reitsma JB, Rutjes AWS, Takwoingi Y, Tonelli M, Whiting P, Willis BH, Thombs B, Bossuyt PM, McInnes MDF. Preferred reporting items for journal and conference abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA for Abstracts): checklist, explanation, and elaboration. BMJ. 2021 Mar 15;372:n265. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n265.
• Hoang LT, Jain P, Pillay TD, Tolosa-Wright M, Niazi U, Takwoingi Y, Halliday A, Berrocal-Almanza LC, Deeks JJ, Beverley P, Kon OM, Lalvani A. Transcriptomic signatures for diagnosing tuberculosis in clinical practice: a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 25:S1473-3099(20)30928-2. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30928-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33508221.

2020

• Kotecha D, Bunting KV, Gill SK, Mehta S, Stanbury M, Jones JC, Haynes S, Calvert MJ, Deeks JJ, Steeds RP, Strauss VY, Rahimi K, Camm AJ, Griffith M, Lip GYH, Townend JN, Kirchhof P; Rate Control Therapy Evaluation in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation (RATE-AF) Team. Effect of Digoxin vs Bisoprolol for Heart Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation on Patient-Reported Quality of Life: The RATE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020 Dec 22;324(24):2497-2508. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.23138.
• Lemp JM, De Neve J, Bussmann H, et al. Lifetime Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening in 55 Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JAMA. 2020;324(15):1532–1542. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.16244
• Liu X, Cruz Rivera S, Moher D, Calvert MJ, Denniston AK; SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group. Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension. Nat Med. 2020 Sep;26(9):1364-1374.
• Cruz Rivera S, Liu X, Chan AW, Denniston AK, Calvert MJ; SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group; SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Steering Group; SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Consensus Group. Guidelines for clinical trial protocols for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the SPIRIT-AI extension. Nat Med. 2020 Sep;26(9):1351-1363.
• Allotey J, Stallings E, Bonet M, et al. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: living systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ. 2020;370:m3320. Published 2020 Sep 1. doi:10.1136/bmj.m3320
• Chu JJ, Devall AJ, Beeson LE, Hardy P, et al. Mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for the management of missed miscarriage (MifeMiso): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 Sep 12;396(10253):770-778.
• ENSAT EURINE-ACT Investigators 2020, 'Urine steroid metabolomics for the differential diagnosis of adrenal incidentalomas in the EURINE-ACT study: a prospective test validation study', The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 773-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30218-7
• Okoth K, Chandan JS, Marshall T, et al. Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review. BMJ 2020; 371: m3502.
• Sheppard JP, Burt J, Lown M, et al. Effect of Antihypertensive Medication Reduction vs Usual Care on Short-term Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Hypertension Aged 80 Years and Older: The OPTIMISE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2020; 323(20): 2039-51.
• Coens C, Pe M, Dueck AC, et al. International standards for the analysis of quality-of-life and patient-reported outcome endpoints in cancer randomised controlled trials: recommendations of the SISAQOL Consortium. Lancet Oncology 2020; 21(2): e83-e96.
• Walsh M, Merkel PA, Peh CA, et al. Plasma Exchange and Glucocorticoids in Severe ANCA-Associated Vasculitis. NEJM 2020; 382(7): 622-31
• Bhangu A, Nepogodiev D, Ives N, et al. Prophylactic biological mesh reinforcement versus standard closure of stoma site (ROCSS): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2020; 395(10222): 417-26.
• Liu M, Cheng SZ, Xu KW, et al. Use of personal protective equipment against coronavirus disease 2019 by healthcare professionals in Wuhan, China: cross sectional study. BMJ 2020; 369: m2195.
• Collaborative CO. Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study. Lancet. 2020;396(10243):27-38.
• Middleton G, Fletcher P, Popat S, Savage J, Summers Y, Greystoke A, Gilligan D, Cave J, O'Rourke N, Brewster A, Toy E, Spicer J, Jain P, Dangoor A, Mackean M, Forster M, Farley A, Wherton D, Mehmi M, Sharpe R, Mills TC, Cerone MA, Yap TA, Watkins TBK, Lim E, Swanton C, Billingham L. The National Lung Matrix Trial of personalized therapy in lung cancer.  Nature. 2020 Sep;585(7826):E21. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2656-3.PMID: 32887973

2019

• Shao Y, Forster SC, Tsaliki E, et al. Stunted microbiota and opportunistic pathogen colonization in caesarean-section birth. Nature. 2019;574(7776):117-121.
• Lissauer D, Wilson A, Hewitt CA, et al. A Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Miscarriage Surgery. NEJM 2019; 380(11): 1012-21.
• Adderley NJ, Subramanian A, Nirantharakumar K, et al. Association Between Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women in the United Kingdom. JAMA Neurology 2019; 76(9): 1088-98.
• Whitworth HS, Badhan A, Boakye AA, et al. Clinical utility of existing and second-generation interferon-γ release assays for diagnostic evaluation of tuberculosis: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infectious diseases 2019; 19(2): 193-202.
• Dorling J, Abbott J, Berrington J, et al. Controlled Trial of Two Incremental Milk-Feeding Rates in Preterm Infants. NEJM 2019; 381(15): 1434-43.
• Taylor SA, Mallett S, Ball S, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body MRI versus standard imaging pathways for metastatic disease in newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer: the prospective Streamline L trial. Lancet Respiratory medicine 2019; 7(6): 523-32.
• Roshandel G, Khoshnia M, Poustchi H, et al. Effectiveness of polypill for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (PolyIran): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2019; 394(10199): 672-83.
• Basu S, Yudkin JS, Kehlenbrink S, et al. Estimation of global insulin use for type 2 diabetes, 2018-30: a microsimulation analysis. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2019; 7(1): 25-33.
• Ross JDC, Brittain C, Cole M, et al. Gentamicin compared with ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhoea (G-ToG): a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2019; 393(10190): 2511-20.
• Dhillon-Smith RK, Middleton LJ, Sunner KK, et al. Levothyroxine in Women with Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies before Conception. NEJM 2019; 380(14): 1316-25.
• Webb NJA, Woolley RL, Lambe T, et al. Long term tapering versus standard prednisolone treatment for first episode of childhood nephrotic syndrome: phase III randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. BMJ 2019; 365: l1800.
• Bright CJ, Reulen RC, Winter DL, et al. Risk of subsequent primary neoplasms in survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer (Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study): a population-based, cohort study. Lancet Oncology 2019; 20(4): 531-45.
• Thayakaran R, Adderley NJ, Sainsbury C, et al. Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study. BMJ 2019; 366: l4892.
• Taylor CJ, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Roalfe AK, et al. Trends in survival after a diagnosis of heart failure in the United Kingdom 2000-2017: population based cohort study. BMJ 2019; 364: l223.
• Coomarasamy A, Devall AJ, Cheed V, et al. A Randomized Trial of Progesterone in Women with Bleeding in Early Pregnancy. NEJM 2019; 380(19): 1815-24.
• Goranitis I, Lissauer DM, Coomarasamy A, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis in the surgical management of miscarriage in low-income countries: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the AIMS trial. Lancet Global health 2019; 7(9): e1280-e6.

2018

• Hemming K, Taljaard M, McKenzie JE,  et al Reporting of stepped wedge cluster randomised trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement with explanation and elaboration. BMJ. 2018 Nov 9;363:k1614 
• Taylor-Phillips S, Stinton C, Ferrante di Ruffano L, Seedat F, Clarke A, Deeks JJ. Association between use of systematic reviews and national policy recommendations on screening newborn babies for rare diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2018; 361: k1612.
• Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, Theilmann M, et al. Diabetes and Hypertension in India: A Nationally Representative Study of 1.3 Million Adults. JAMA internal medicine 2018; 178(3): 363-72.
• Mason F, Farley A, Pallan M, Sitch A, Easter C, Daley AJ. Effectiveness of a brief behavioural intervention to prevent weight gain over the Christmas holiday period: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2018; 363: k4867.
• Adab P, Pallan MJ, Lancashire ER, et al. Effectiveness of a childhood obesity prevention programme delivered through schools, targeting 6 and 7 year olds: cluster randomised controlled trial (WAVES study). BMJ 2018; 360: k211.
• McManus RJ, Mant J, Franssen M, et al. Efficacy of self-monitored blood pressure, with or without telemonitoring, for titration of antihypertensive medication (TASMINH4): an unmasked randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 391(10124): 949-59.
• Wilson MJA, MacArthur C, Hewitt CA, et al. Intravenous remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia versus intramuscular pethidine for pain relief in labour (RESPITE): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 392(10148): 662-72.
• Kasivisvanathan V, Rannikko AS, Borghi M, et al. MRI-Targeted or Standard Biopsy for Prostate-Cancer Diagnosis. NEJM 2018; 378(19): 1767-77.
• Jolly K, Sidhu MS, Hewitt CA, et al. Self management of patients with mild COPD in primary care: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2018; 361: k2241.
• McInnes MDF, Moher D, Thombs BD, et al. Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies: The PRISMA-DTA Statement. JAMA 2018; 319(4): 388-96.
• Abubakar I, Drobniewski F, Southern J, et al. Prognostic value of interferon-γ release assays and tuberculin skin test in predicting the development of active tuberculosis (UK PREDICT TB): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infectious diseases 2018; 18(10): 1077-87.
• Sheppard JP, Martin U, Gill P, et al. Prospective external validation of the Predicting Out-of-OFfice Blood Pressure (PROOF-BP) strategy for triaging ambulatory monitoring in the diagnosis and management of hypertension: observational cohort study. BMJ 2018; 361: k2478.
• Adderley NJ, Nirantharakumar K, Marshall T. Risk of stroke and transient ischaemic attack in patients with a diagnosis of resolved atrial fibrillation: retrospective cohort studies. BMJ 2018; 361: k1717.
• Fowler D, Hodgekins J, French P, et al. Social recovery therapy in combination with early intervention services for enhancement of social recovery in patients with first-episode psychosis (SUPEREDEN3): a single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5(1): 41-50.
• Pe M, Dorme L, Coens C, et al. Statistical analysis of patient-reported outcome data in randomised controlled trials of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review. Lancet Oncology 2018; 19(9): e459-e69.
• Chesterton LS, Blagojevic-Bucknall M, Burton C, et al. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of corticosteroid injection versus night splints for carpal tunnel syndrome (INSTINCTS trial): an open-label, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 392(10156): 1423-33.

2017

• Hemming K, Eldridge S, Forbes G,  et al How to design efficient cluster randomised trials. BMJ. 2017 Jul 14;358:j3064.
• Hagen S, Glazener C, McClurg D, et al. Pelvic floor muscle training for secondary prevention of pelvic organ prolapse (PREVPROL): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2017; 389(10067): 393-402.
• Brocklehurst P, Field D, Greene K, et al. Computerised interpretation of fetal heart rate during labour (INFANT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2017; 389(10080): 1719-29.
• DREAMS Trial Collaborators and West Midlands Research Collaborative. Dexamethasone versus standard treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting in gastrointestinal surgery: randomised controlled trial (DREAMS Trial). BMJ 2017; 357: j1455.
• International Weight Management in Pregnancy (i-WIP) Collaborative Group. Effect of diet and physical activity based interventions in pregnancy on gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes: meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. BMJ 2017; 358: j3119.
• Roffe C, Nevatte T, Sim J, et al. Effect of Routine Low-Dose Oxygen Supplementation on Death and Disability in Adults With Acute Stroke: The Stroke Oxygen Study Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2017; 318(12): 1125-35.
• Cowley NJ, Owen A, Shiels SC, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Antiviral Therapy for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Immunocompetent Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Internal Medicine 2017; 177(6): 774-83.
• Epidural and Position Trial Collaborative Group. Upright versus lying down position in second stage of labour in nulliparous women with low dose epidural: BUMPES randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2017; 359: j4471.

2016

• Turner GM, Calvert M, Feltham MG, Ryan R, Fitzmaurice D, Cheng KK, Marshall T. Under-prescribing of Prevention Drugs for the Primary Prevention of Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in UK General Practice: Retrospective Analysis PLoS Medicine 2016 Nov 15;13(11):e1002169. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002169. eCollection 2016.
• Costeloe K, Hardy P, Juszczak E, Wilks M, Millar MR. Bifidobacterium breve BBG-001 in very preterm infants: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 2016; 387(10019): 649-60.
• Abalos E, Addo V, Brocklehurst P, et al. Caesarean section surgical techniques: 3 year follow-up of the CORONIS fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016; 388(10039): 62-72.
• James ND, Pirrie SJ, Pope AM, et al. Clinical Outcomes and Survival Following Treatment of Metastatic Castrate-Refractory Prostate Cancer With Docetaxel Alone or With Strontium-89, Zoledronic Acid, or Both: The TRAPEZE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncology 2016; 2(4): 493-9.
• Mant J, McManus RJ, Roalfe A, et al. Different systolic blood pressure targets for people with history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack: PAST-BP (Prevention After Stroke--Blood Pressure) randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2016; 352: i708.
• Aveyard P, Lewis A, Tearne S, et al. Screening and brief intervention for obesity in primary care: a parallel, two-arm, randomised trial. Lancet 2016; 388(10059): 2492-500.
• Fidler MM, Reulen RC, Winter DL, et al. Long term cause specific mortality among 34 489 five year survivors of childhood cancer in Great Britain: population based cohort study. BMJ 2016; 354: i4351.
• Clayton RN, Jones PW, Reulen RC, et al. Mortality in patients with Cushing's disease more than 10 years after remission: a multicentre, multinational, retrospective cohort study. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2016; 4(7): 569-76.
• Davidson AJ, Disma N, de Graaff JC, et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age after general anaesthesia and awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016; 387(10015): 239-50.
• Tarnow-Mordi W, Stenson B, Kirby A, et al. Outcomes of Two Trials of Oxygen-Saturation Targets in Preterm Infants. NEJM 2016; 374(8): 749-60.
• Clarke CE, Patel S, Ives N, et al. Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy vs No Therapy in Mild to Moderate Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurology 2016; 73(3): 291-9.
• Jordan RE, Adab P, Sitch A, et al. Targeted case finding for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease versus routine practice in primary care (TargetCOPD): a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2016; 4(9): 720-30.
• Aldridge C, Bion J, Boyal A, et al. Weekend specialist intensity and admission mortality in acute hospital trusts in England: a cross-sectional study. Lancet 2016; 388(10040): 178-86.

2015

• Hemming K, Haines TP, Chilton PJ,  et al The stepped wedge cluster randomised trial: rationale, design, analysis, and reporting. BMJ. 2015 Feb 6;350:h391. 
• Sackley CM, Walker MF, Burton CR, et al. An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke related disabilities in UK care homes (OTCH): cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2015; 350: h468.
• Monahan M, Boelaert K, Jolly K, Chan S, Barton P, Roberts TE. Costs and benefits of iodine supplementation for pregnant women in a mildly to moderately iodine-deficient population: a modelling analysis. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2015; 3(9): 715-22.
• Gill PJ, Ashdown HF, Wang K, et al. Identification of children at risk of influenza-related complications in primary and ambulatory care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2015; 3(2): 139-49.
• Cooper NA, Clark TJ, Middleton L, et al. Outpatient versus inpatient uterine polyp treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding: randomised controlled non-inferiority study. BMJ 2015; 350: h1398.
• Lycett D, Nichols L, Ryan R, et al. The association between smoking cessation and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a THIN database cohort study. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2015; 3(6): 423-30.

2014

• Taylor G, McNeill A, Girling A, Farley A, Lindson-Hawley N, Aveyard P. Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2014; 348: g1151.
• McManus RJ, Mant J, Haque MS, et al. Effect of self-monitoring and medication self-titration on systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: the TASMIN-SR randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2014; 312(8): 799-808.
• Azzopardi D, Strohm B, Marlow N, et al. Effects of hypothermia for perinatal asphyxia on childhood outcomes. NEJM 2014; 371(2): 140-9.
• Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Global health 2014; 2(6): e323-33.
• Gray R, Ives N, Rick C, et al. Long-term effectiveness of dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase B inhibitors compared with levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD MED): a large, open-label, pragmatic randomised trial. Lancet 2014; 384(9949): 1196-205.
• Castanon A, Landy R, Brocklehurst P, et al. Risk of preterm delivery with increasing depth of excision for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in England: nested case-control study. BMJ 2014; 349: g6223.