Honorary Research Fellows in War Studies

Ross Anderson was an officer in the Canadian and British armies from 1984 to 2000.  Since retiring from the army he has established himself as an authority on the Great War in the ‘peripheral theatres’.  His work has focused the East African and Mesopotamian campaigns, complemented by research into the colonial forces of the Empire, especially the Indian Army, as well as those of late Imperial Germany.  Research is well advanced on his latest book on Mesopotamia, which will examine the campaign from both sides’ perspectives. Ross Anderson is the author of The Battle of Tanga 1914 (Stroud: Tempus, 2002) and The Forgotten Front - The East African Campaign 1914-1918 (Stroud: Tempus, 2004).  His study of the Mesopotamia campaign, provisionally entitled The First War in Iraq: The Mesopotamian Campaign 1914-1918 will be published by Tempus.

Stephen Badsey is Professor of Conflict Studies in the Department of History, Politics and War Studies at the University of Wolverhampton.

His interest in the First World War began with his doctoral thesis on British cavalry doctrine 1871-1921, followed by his first postdoctoral job, which was cataloguing the First World War official film collection at the Imperial War Museum. He has studied these two themes of military doctrine and military-media issues ever since, expanding his research into later 19th century warfare (including colonial war), the Second World War (including a special study of the Battle of Normandy 1944), and modern warfare including counterinsurgency.

A ‘Public Historian’ since before the term was invented, he is responsible for over eighty books and articles of various levels of academic respectability, most of them dealing with military history. He has given talks and lectures on four continents, appears frequently on television, advises programme-makers and others who need historical advice, conducts battlefield tours, and gives several historical talks a year to home audiences. For many years he was a senior member of the academic staff of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, and he has also worked for the BBC, in addition to holding posts at several British and overseas universities.

His most recent books are Doctrine and Reform in the British Cavalry 1880-1918 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008) and The British Army in battle and Its Image 1914-18 (London: Continuum, 2010).

He is a member of (among others) the Society for Army Historical Research, the Western Front Association, the International Society for First World War Studies, the International Association for Media and History, the Army Records Society and the Navy Records Society. He was educated at Cambridge University, and made a Fellow of the Royal historical Society in 1995.

He is married to Dr Phylomena Badsey, a university lecturer and administrator specialising in feminism and pacifism.

Chris is a Director of a major firm of accountants and professional advisers, having moved into management consulting from an early career in manufacturing industry. Although he is a Brummie by background, he has lived now for twenty years in Leamington Spa.

Like many others, he first became interested in the Great War through family memories of his grandfather, who served with a Territorial Brigade of the Royal Field Artillery. This took him into a lifelong interest in the military operations of the BEF.

Latterly, his professional interest and the story of his paternal grandfather – who remained in Birmingham making machetes – have meant him spending more time examining the logistics and economics of the war.

Chris is a member of the Western Front Association. He helped form the Heart of England Branch, a local group that he chaired many years ago. He spent seven years on the Executive Committee of the Association, first as Tours Officer, then as Deputy Chairman and finally he had two years as Chairman.

He began building a website on the subject of the British Army in the war, as long ago as 1996. It is now among the foremost sites on the subject and enjoys receiving more than 3000 visitors per day. “The Long, Long Trail” (www.1914-1918.net ) also has a renowned discussion area called the Great War Forum, which has more than 10,000 subscribers worldwide.

Chris regularly speaks on Great War subjects, his most recent “tours” being on the 1st South Staffords, the operations of the Belgian Army in 1914 and on the Yser, and the impacts of economic warfare.

He formed a military research firm in 2002, which carries out work at the National Archives and has now examined the army careers of more than 800 officers and men.

Chris is also proud to be a graduate from the MA in First World War Studies course conducted by the Centre.

After National Service as a Sergeant in the RASC, partly spent at Headquarters British Commonwealth Forces, Korea (where he became a most proficient typist), Douglas Bridgewater went into business. He was awarded his doctorate in 2003 for a critical edition of the Great War letters of Humphrey Francis Humphreys (1885-1977), who served with 2nd (South Midland) Mounted Brigade Field Ambulance in Egypt and Palestine, 1915-1919. Humphreys is the only student in the history of the university to be captain of the Rugby first XV, President of the Guild of Students and Vice Chancellor.

Douglas Bridgewater is currently working on a study of ‘A Small Town in the Great War: Henley-in-Arden 1914-1919’. As well as researching the lives of some 170 men who served in the war, he is examining the many individuals who sought exemption from it. Henley also housed a notable VAD Hospital from November 1914 to April 1919. Douglas Bridgewater was High Bailiff of Henley-in-Arden during Millennium year.

After National Service in the Royal Navy, Malcolm Brown worked for the BBC as a documentary film producer, specialising in biographical, historical and military subjects. His film The Battle of the Somme (1976) won international acclaim. Since 1989 he has been Freelance Historian at the Imperial War Museum, where his task has been to bring the rich contents of the Museum’s personal documents collections to a wider audience in a series of books that began with The Imperial War Museum Book of the First World War (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1991).

 He is the author or co-author of numerous other books on military or related subjects, including the marvellous Tommy Goes to War (London: Dent, 1978, 1981, 1986), which was re-issued in a new format, with additional chapters, by Tempus in 1999 (paperback, 2001). His most recent publications are Verdun 1916 (London: Tempus, 1999, paperback, 2001), Spitfire Summer: When Britain Stood Alone (London: Carlton 2000, paperback 2002) and The Imperial War Museum Book of 1914: The Men Who Went to War (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 2004).

Tom Burke is Chairman of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers Association (www.greatwar.ie ), which he established in 1996. The primary objective in setting up the Association was to research, record and present the history of Ireland’s contribution to the Great War of 1914-18. For many years, and for understandable political reasons, the story of Irish men and women serving in the armed forces of the United Kingdom in the Great War was deliberately ignored by the new Irish administration. The subject was not looked upon as being part of Irish history and very little mention was made of Irish involvement in the Great War in the teaching of history in Irish schools. For many years, the events in Dublin during Easter 1916 held the high ground in Irish history. Tom’s motives in establishing the RDFA with a small group of like-minded people were simply to research and tell the story of a large group of Irish people who had been forgotten and ignored and who had no voice to speak for them, who had – indeed - been written out of modern Irish history.

The work of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers Association is now thriving. Each year since its foundation, the RDFA have presented three lectures on the Great War and related topics. The Association has also presented several exhibitions on the Great War that travel around Ireland. Another vital part of the RDFA’s work is the development of its archive in Dublin City Archives and Library. The Lord Mayor of Dublin officially launched this project in 2005. The archive contains letters, diaries, photographs and some memorabilia of Irish men and women who served in the Great War. The archive will be a source of primary research material for historians to use and write the history that needs to be done. Tom Burke has written widely on the ‘Dubs’ and is currently preparing a book on the 16th (Irish) Division and the 36th (Ulster) Division at Messines in June 1917.

Ann Clayton taught at grammar schools in Staffordshire and Liverpool between 1963 and 1971, when she was appointed Lecturer in History at the City of Liverpool College of Higher Education. At the time of her retirement in 1992 she was Senior Lecturer in History at Liverpool John Moores University. 

Since 1994 she has been editor of Stand To! The Journal of the Western Front Association. Ann Clayton is the author of Chavasse: Double VC (London: Leo Cooper, 1992), Martin Leake: Double VC (London: Leo Cooper, 1994) and A Cheshire Parish at War (Over: Over Parish Council, 1998). She is currently working on a study of Liverpool in the Great War.

Paul Cornish is a University of Birmingham history graduate (having been an early guinea pig for John Bourne’s BEF and the Western Front course). He is currently a senior curator in the Department of Exhibits & Firearms at the Imperial War Museum. In the course of over twenty years in that institution, he has become an expert on the history of the breech-loading firearms.  Outside his work, he has maintained his interest in more general aspects of history – writing on a variety of subjects ranging from the army of Henry VIII, to trophy-hunting in the First World War. He has written military history entries for Microsoft Encarta, obituaries for the Guardian newspaper, book reviews for various publications, and undertaken an assortment of editorial consultancy work. Since the turn of the century he has become involved in the cross-disciplinary study of the Material Culture of conflict; having co-hosted four conferences and co-edited a book on the subject (with two others in preparation). He is a Visiting Fellow of the University of Bristol Department of Archaeology and Anthropology. His recently published book: ‘Machine Guns and the Great War’ unites his interests in history, firearms technology and Material Culture.

Gordon Corrigan served as an officer in the 6th Gurkha Rifles and Royal Gurkha Rifles from 1962 to 1980 and 1987 to 1998.  He was Clerk of the Course, Happy Valley Racecourse, Hong Kong, 1980-82 and Racing Secretary, Royal Hong Kong Jockey Club, 1982-87.  Since retiring from the army he has established a reputation as an author and broadcaster.  His books include Sepoys in the Trenches: The Indian Corps on the Western Front 1914-15 (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 1999), Wellington – A Military Life (London: Hambledon & London, 2001), Mud, Blood and Poppycock: Britain and the First World War (London: Cassell 2003), Loos 1915: The Unwanted Battle (Staplehurst: Spellmount 2006) and Blood, Sweat and Arrogance, and the Myths of Churchill’s War (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006). 

His TV work includes Weapons of the Second World War, Warships, Daring Raids of World War Two, Great British Commanders and Mean Machines of War, all for Channel Five.  Gordon Corrigan is also an authority on the battlefields of the England, India, France, Italy, North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, round which he regularly conducts tours.  He speaks fluent Nepali, colloquial French and Cantonese and basic Hindi, Urdu and German.

Edward J. Erickson was born in Norwich, New York, USA. After military service as an infantry noncommissioned officer, he was commissioned in the Field Artillery in 1975. During his career, Ed Erickson served with the 509th Airborne Infantry Battalion, the 8th Mechanized Infantry Division, the 24th Infantry Division, the 528th Field Artillery Group, and the 42nd Field Artillery Brigade. During the Persian Gulf War, he served as the Operations Officer (S3) of the 2nd Battalion 3rd Field Artillery in the 3rd Armored Division at the Battle of Wadi Al Batin. In the latter phase of his career, he served in NATO assignments in Izmir, Turkey and in Naples, Italy as a Foreign Area Officer specializing in Turkey and the Middle East. In 1995 he was assigned to the NATO Headquarters in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, where he served as a Military Assistant to COMIFOR.

Lieutenant-Colonel Erickson retired in October 1997 to teach world history at Norwich High School, but was recalled to active duty in March 2003 for Operation Iraqi Freedom and was assigned as the Political Advisor to Major General Ray Odierno, 4th Infantry Division. After six months in Tikrit, Iraq, Lieutenant-Colonel Erickson returned to civilian life and now works as the Dean of Students at Norwich High School. During his military service Ed Erickson won many awards, including the Legion of Merit and the Bronze Star with Oak Leaf Cluster. He is an eminent and leading authority on the Ottoman Army during the great war, a subject on which he has written widely, including two major books, Ordered To Die, A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War (2000) and Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans 1912-1913 (2003). Lieutenant-Colonel Erickson is currently working on a new study, The Sultan's Army: A History of the Ottoman Military, 1300-1923, which will be published by Praeger in 2006.

Angela Gaffney is Partnerships Officer at the National Museums & Galleries of Wales. She is an authority on the commemoration of war and is the author of the splendid study Aftermath: Remembering the Great War in Wales (Cardiff University of Wales Press, 1998; paperback, 2000). Angela Gaffney is currently working on the commemoration of women killed in the service of their country in the twentieth century and has recently completed a chapter comparing post-1918 and post-1945 commemoration practices in Wales for a book on Wales at War, edited by Professor Chris Williams.

Bryn Hammond completed his doctoral research on the theory and practice of co-operation between tanks and other arms in the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front in the First World War in 2005 and now lectures on aspects of the First and Second World Wars to specialist interest groups and supervises postgraduate students.   He is especially interested in operational analysis of the BEF in both world wars and the First World War in particular.   He has a special interest in the application of web and information technologies to historical research.  He was responsible for designing and developing a computerised database for the innovative, (but now sadly disbanded) SHLM Battle Assessment Project. He has also worked part-time for the Workers’ Educational Association (WEA) running adult education courses in his part of Lincolnshire and lectures to special interest groups.

Bryn is the author of Cambrai 1917: The Myth of the First Great Tank Battle (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2008) and of a number of articles including ‘Professionals and Specialists: Military Mining on the Western Front, 1914-1918’, Imperial War Museum Review, 6 (1991) and ‘General Harper and the Failure of 51st (Highland) Division at Cambrai, 20 November 1917’, Imperial War Museum Review, 10 (1995).  He is currently working on a new study of the influence of Bernard Montgomery’s First World War experiences on the planning and execution of the Second Battle of Alamein in 1942.

Peter Hart is Oral Historian at the Imperial War Museum. He is a prolific author on both world wars. His books on the Great War include Defeat at Gallipoli (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1994), Tumult in the Clouds (London: Hodder, 1997), Passchendaele, the Sacrificial Ground (London: Cassell Military, 2001), Jutland 1916 (London: Cassell Military, 2003) (all co-authored with his colleague Nigel Steel) and Somme Success: The RFC and the Somme (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2001). Bloody April: Slaughter in the Skies over Arras, 1917 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson) and The Somme (Weidenfeld & Nicolson) were published in 2005.

Peter Hart is one of the country’s leading oral historians. His recordings continue to expand the magnificent collections of the Imperial War Museum Sound Archive.

Colonel Michael Hickey served in the British Army from 1949 until his retirement in 1981, first with the RASC and then on secondment to the Glider Pilot Regiment. He transferred to the Army Air Corps in 1960. He saw active service in Korea (1950-52) and at Suez (1956). He held a series of command and staff appointments in Britain and abroad before ending his career as a Colonel on the General Staff at the Ministry of Defence. 

Giving up his ‘day job’ allowed him to pursue a new career as a historian. He is the author of Out of the Sky: A History of Airborne Warfare (London: Mills & Boon, 1979), The Unforgettable Army: Slim and the 14th Army in Burma (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 1992), Gallipoli (London: John Murray, 1995), The Korean War 1950-53: The West Confronts Communism (London: John Murray, 1999) and The First World War - The Mediterranean Front, 1914-1923 (London: Osprey, 2001). (He is possibly the only military historian ever to have had a book published by Mills & Boon!) 

Colonel Michael Hickey was a keen rower until his knees gave up the struggle in 1996. He now enjoys singing, walking, cooking and travelling. He has been married for 43 years and has two sons, two dogs and a domesticated turkey.

David Hopkins was appointed Special Exhibitions Manager at Imperial War Museum North in June 2005. Love it or hate it (and there are many in both camps, believe me), IWM’s fifth branch is a landmark building designed by Daniel Libeskind and embraces new methods in interpreting war and conflict from 1914 onwards. David’s role is to implement the programme of Special Exhibitions in what is a very challenging gallery, featuring a soaring roof, L-shape floor plan and one wall of curving, overhanging aluminium. The first exhibition to open in the space in 2006 (4 February to 23 April) will be Witness: Highlights of First World War Art, an exhibition that marries some of the masterpieces of IWM’s art collections to first hand eyewitness accounts of the conflict.

From 2002 to 2005 David was Curator of the Museum of the Manchester Regiment in Ashton-under-Lyne, where he oversaw much of the work in transforming the Ladysmith Gallery in 2002, and began the long process of improving the storage and cataloguing of the reserve collections.

Weekends find David playing in the Northern Counties Hockey League in the colours of Didsbury Northern Hockey Club - the latest in a long line of clubs in what can only be considered a journeyman’s career. The prize of first place in the club’s fantasy hockey league might, however, finally replace the ‘Best Ever Performance’ in John Bourne’s Great War Trivia Quiz for undergraduate students as my proudest achievement to date.

Since February 2004 Simon Jones has been a freelance historian and battlefield tour guide. He was formerly a museum curator, with sixteen years’ experience specialising in military collections. This was initially as Assistant Curator and Exhibitions Officer of the Royal Engineers Museum at Chatham from 1987 until 1993, during which time he became an acknowledged authority on military engineering, especially tunnelling and mining on the Western Front in the Great War. He was responsible for setting up the Nineteenth Century and First World War permanent galleries and for researching the Second World War and Post-War galleries. He organised the video recording of the deep mining system on Vimy Ridge during 1989-90.

From 1994 to 2003 he was Curator of the King’s Regiment at the Museum of Liverpool Life, where he was responsible for acquisitions, collections management and research of the King’s Regimental Museum collection on behalf of the King’s Regiment, and Acting Head of the Museum. He conceived and curated the ‘Spirit of the Blitz’ exhibition on Liverpool and the Second World War at the Merseyside Maritime Museum, which has been the most successful history exhibition ever staged in Liverpool.

Simon has led tours to the Western Front for Holts Tours since 1997 and during 2004 is now leading tours additionally to Normandy and Canada. He is also teaching courses on the First World War for the Centres for Continuing Education of Liverpool and Lancaster Universities and will be developing courses with Manchester University.

Simon’s main First World War research interests are in military engineering, especially mining and chemical warfare, and the King’s (Liverpool) Regiment especially the 8th Liverpool Irish Battalion. He is currently working on a book proposal on the development of protection against poison gas during the First World War. He has also lectured in the USA in 2003 and 2004 on the King’s Regiment and Native American relations during the American Revolution. He is a member of the British Commission for Military History.

Changboo Kang came to Birmingham in the autumn of 2002 to read for a PhD on ‘The British Regimental Officer on the Western Front in the Great War, with Special Reference to the Royal Warwickshire Regiment’, under the supervision of Dr John Bourne.  He successfully submitted his thesis in the summer of 2007 before returning to take up his post at the Korean Air Force Academy. The ‘Mighty Kang’ was a splendid ambassador for his country during his time at Birmingham.  Fortunately, the wonders of email will still allow the Centre to access ‘The Kang Detective Agency’, which has so often provided obscure information on British First World War soldiers in response to enquiries from the Great British Public. Changboo Kang is a Member of the Korean Society for Western History and the Korean Society of British History. He is the author of ‘Irish Voluntary Enlistment in the British Army, 1914-1918’, Journal of Western History, 23 (Spring 1999) and ‘The Public Image of the British Army, 1815-1856’, Journal of the Korea Air Force Academy, 50 (Spring 2002).

Celia Lee has spent much of her working life as a secretary and PA in the City of London. She has a particular interest in the Gallipoli campaign of 1915 and is the author of Jean, Lady Hamilton (1861-1941) - A Soldier’s Wife (London: Macmillan, 2001). 

She is currently working (with John Lee) on a study of Winston Churchill and his brother Jack, for publication in 2005. Celia Lee is a Member of the British Commission for Military History and of the Gallipoli Association.

John Lee works for the publishers, Macmillan. He is an authority on Sir Ian Hamilton, on whom he has written widely, including the excellent biography A Soldier’s Life: General Sir Ian Hamilton 1853-1947 (London: Macmillan, 2000; paperback, 2001). He contributed to Facing Armageddon. The First World War Experienced ed. Hugh Cecil and Peter H. Liddle (London: Leo Cooper, 1996) and Passchendaele in Perspective. The 3rd Battle of Ypres ed. Peter H. Liddle (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1997). He is also the ‘L’ in SHLM, which he explained in ‘The SHLM Project: Assessing the Battle Performance of British Divisions’, in Paddy Griffith (ed), British Fighting Methods in the Great War (London: Frank Cass, 1996). He recently contributed an essay to Gary Sheffield & Dan Todman’s important collection, Command and Control on the Western Front: The British Army’s Experience 1914-1918 (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2004) and is currently writing a study of Hindenburg and Ludendorff for Cassell’s ‘Great Commanders’ series.

John Lee has a particular interest in British trench raiding and is a well-known lecturer and battlefield tour guide. He is a member of the British Commission for Military History.

Sanders Marble is an authority on British artillery in the Great War, with two books and six articles. In 2001 he won the Gutenberg-e Prize from the American Historical Association and adapted his PhD thesis into an e-book published by Columbia University Press; a revised edition is currently under contract to Ashgate/Birmingham University Press. He has a dozen chapters or articles on various military and medical topics published, and Scraping the Barrel: armies use of sub-standard manpower will be published in autumn 2011.

He has worked for the US Air Force, the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History, and since 2003 has been with the US Army's Office of Medical History, with a stint as historian at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. He teaches for Norwich University, and has taught with American Military University and George Mason University.

Chris McCarthy left school at fifteen without a qualification to his name. After an array of jobs, including suit salesman, window dresser and electrician, he became manager of a model soldier shop in Kennington. He joined the Imperial War Museum in 1976, first as Curator of British uniforms and then as Conservation Officer. He has been Head of Conservation since 2000. He is the author of The Somme. The Day by Day Account (London: Arms & Armour Press, 1993) and Passchendaele. The Day by Day Account (London: Arms & Armour Press, 1995). His essay ‘Queen of the Battlefield: The Development of Command Organisation and Tactics in the British Infantry Battalion during the Great War’ recently appeared in Gary Sheffield & Dan Todman’s important collection, Command and Control on the Western Front: The British Army’s Experience, 1914-1918 (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2004).

He is currently working on the day-by-day account of Arras and on the life of the British soldier behind the lines (‘wine, women and song’). He is also working on a data base that will allow users to pin point a unit to a specific place at a specific date throughout the war. Chris McCarthy has a collection of books on the Great War that some (notably, John Lee) would kill for. He is the ‘M’ in SHLM.

Helen McPhail has been responsible for translating some of the most important French scholarship on the Great War into English, including Gérard Noiriel’s Workers in French Society in the 19th and 20th Centuries (Oxford: Berg, 1990), Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau’s Men at War. National Sentiment and Trench Journalism in France during the First World War (Oxford: Berg, 1992), Antoine Prost’s In the Wake of War, ‘Les Anciens Combattants’ and French Society, 1914-1939 (Oxford: Berg, 1992) and Annette Becker’s The Religious Imagination at War (Oxford: Berg, 1998). She is the author of The Long Silence. French Civilian Life under the German Occupation, 1914-1918 (London: I.B. Tauris, 1999; paperback, 2001). 

Helen McPhail is an authority on the poetry of the Great War. She was Chairman of the Wilfred Owen Association, 1993-2001, and Poetry Editor of the Western Front Association, 1993-2000. She is the author of Wilfred Owen, Poet and Soldier (Norwich: Gliddon, 1993) and (with Philip Guest) has contributed three volumes on poets to the Battleground Europe series for Pen & Sword: On the Trail of the Poets of the Great War: Wilfred Owen (1998); On the Trail of the Poets of the Great War: Edmund Blunden (1999); On the Trail of the Poets of the Great War: Robert Graves and Siegfried Sassoon (2002).

Bill Mitchinson is Head of History at Saddleworth School, Oldham. He has written prolifically on the Great War, including Cotton Town Comrades (Nottingham: Bayonet Press, 1993), Saddleworth, 1914-1919: The Impact of War on a Pennine Community (Saddleworth: Saddleworth Historical Society, 1994), Gentlemen and Officers. The Impact and Experience of War on a Territorial Regiment 1914-1918 (London: Imperial War Museum, 1995), Pioneer Battalions in the Great War. Organized and Intelligent Labour (London: Leo Cooper, 1997) and Amateur Soldiers (Jade, 2000). His important study of Britain’s pre-war reserve forces, Defending Albion: Britain’s Home Army 1908-1919, which was shortlisted for the Templer Medal, was published by Palgrave Macmillan in 2005. His study of the trials and tribulations of the Territorial Force between 1908 and 1914, England’s Last Hope, should appear in 2007.

Bill Mitchinson is an authority on the battlefields of the Western Front, and is the author of three volumes in the Battleground Europe series, Epéhy (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1998), Riqueval (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1998) and Villers-Plouich (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1999).

After graduating from medical school Geoffrey Noon did his National Service with the RNVR. He was a general practitioner from 1958 until his retirement in 1991. During his medical career he took a particular interest in the treatment of casualties and in anaesthetics. He has a lifelong interest in the Great War: his father and three uncles fought on the Western Front. 

Geoffrey Noon is an expert on the medical history of the war and is the author of ‘ The Treatment of Casualties’, in Paddy Griffith (ed), British Fighting Methods During the Great War (London: Frank Cass, 1996) and ‘Casualties during the Somme Battles’, Stand To!. The Journal of the Western Front Association (1997). He also contributed the entry on ‘Military Medicine’ to The Oxford Companion to Military History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), edited by Richard Holmes. Geoffrey Noon was a founder member of the Western Front Association. He is a former Chairman of the Wolverhampton Branch of the WFA and a member of the British Commission for Military History. 

In the time he can spare from attending rock concerts he arranges and leads battlefield tours. He is an authority on the battlefields of the Western Front and of Gallipoli. Geoffrey’s grandmother was Joseph Chamberlain’s cook. Without the sustenance provided by her excellent food the University of Birmingham might never have been founded.

Gerry Oram is a social, legal and cultural historian who specialises in military law, international law, war crimes, the control of armies and their impact on civilian populations. He is particularly interested in the development of martial law and military codes in Europe and America during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, but has recently been active in researching the military codes and ‘war crimes’ of earlier periods.

He has taught at a number of universities both in history and in criminology - a combination that has influenced his research. This broad approach is reflected in his publications, which are listed below. In these he often draws on the contrasts and similarities between criminal civil codes and military codes in various countries. In his most recent publication, Military Executions during World War I (Palgrave, 2003), he analyses the impact on the military death penalty of ongoing developments in the understanding of the concepts of morale, discipline and management of the army within the context of attitudes towards crime, punishment and deviance in other armies and in society as a whole. His contribution to the 2002 British Criminology Conference held at Keele University, ‘“The greatest efficiency”: British and American Military Law 1866-1918’, will soon be published in B.Godfrey, C. Emsley and G. Dunstall (eds) Comparative Histories of Crime (Cullompton, Devon: Willan Publishing). His edited collection, Conflict and Legality: Policing Mid-Twentieth Century Europe (London: Francis Boutle) appeared towards the end of 2003.

When not researching or writing he can often be spotted riding his bicycle through the West Wales countryside or on Alpine mountain passes.

Michael Orr lectured in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy Surrey from 1969 to 1984. He was the author of Dettingen 1743 (1972) and a number of articles and chapters on the history of the British Army. In 1984 he became a Senior Lecturer in the Soviet Studies Research Centre, a Ministry of Defence-sponsored academic institution that studied the USSR and Warsaw Pact military systems from open sources. He specialized in Soviet army tactics and organizations and was one of the authors of the British Army Field Manual on the Soviet Army. In 1992 the Centre became the Conflict Studies Research Centre (CSRC) and has been involved in the study of risks of conflict and in British defence diplomacy in the post-Soviet world. Michael Orr has lectured and written on Russian Army peacekeeping and counter-insurgency operations since the end of the Cold War. He left the CSRC in 2003 to develop his own research interests, particularly in the history of the British Army in the First World War.

He has been studying the 55th (West Lancashire) Division TF for some years and is beginning a book that will use the division as a case study on how a division operated on the Western Front. He has been involved for some time as a guide on battlefield tours to the Western Front and has lectured to the Western Front Association and other audiences. He is the editor of the Records of the Douglas Haig Fellowship. A series of articles on the Artists Rifles and the Honourable Artillery Company in the Great War is appearing in Firestep, the journal of the London branch of the WFA.  He is Secretary General of the British Commission for Military History.

Michael Orr is married to a Camberley GP and has three daughters. His spare time is spent trying to reduce a stubbornly high golf handicap.

Christopher Page became Head of the Naval Historical Branch at the Ministry of Defence in December 1999 following his retirement from the Royal Navy after 37 years service. He specialized in Mechanical Engineering, and his sea service included aircraft carriers, frigates, the minesweeper Bristol, and the Royal Yacht Britannia. Ashore, his appointments included Portsmouth Dockyard, the Engineering Training School, HMS Sultan, Director General Ships, Head of Defence Studies in the MoD, and Executive Officer of HMS Heron, the Royal Naval Air Station at Yeovilton. He also served on the staff of the UK Delegation to NATO as the Deputy Military Delegate to the Western European Union. 

He is the author of Command in the Royal Naval Division. A Military Biography of Brigadier A.M. Asquith DSO (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 1999) and many other talks and articles and chapters on various topics of naval and military history in books and journals. He is a member of the Western Front and Gallipoli Associations, the British Commission for Military History and a Councillor of the Navy Records Society. He is also one of two vice Chairmen of the Committee to reinstate the Royal Naval Division memorial from Greenwich to its original site on as part of the balustrade of the Old Admiralty Building overlooking Horse Guards Parade. Chris Page is married with two grown-up - or at least adult - sons, and lives in Bath. Apart from history, his interests include walking and playing golf.

Ian Passingham served for over seventeen years in the Army as a member of the Royal Hampshire Regiment and in staff appointments. This service included postings to Northern Ireland, Bosnia, the Falkland Islands, Kenya, Germany (including Berlin) and the former-East Germany.

He was educated at the Duke of York’s Royal Military School and the University of Keele, where he gained a degree (BA) in Modern History and Geography. 

Ian left the Army as a Major in 1995 to pursue a second career as a defence analyst and historian. As a defence analyst he has worked for the Ministry of Defence on a number of current and historical military issues, including counter-terrorism & counter-insurgency (CT/COIN), the use of battlefield helicopters - and urban conflict in Chechnya, Bosnia and Vietnam.   

He has written three books: Pillars of Fire: The Battle of Messines Ridge, June 1917, (1998); All the Kaiser’s Men: The Life and Death of the German Army on the Western Front (2004) and The German Offensives of 1918: The Last Desperate Gamble. This latest offering will be published in early 2008 to coincide with the 90th Anniversary of the momentous events of 1918. He has also written and directed a 26-part TV series for the History Channel, entitled Clash of Warriors.

Ian is an experienced historical tours guide and is a member of a number of associations, including the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), the WFA, the British Commission for Military History (BCMH) and the German Historical Institute. He is also a Research Fellow at the Centre for First World War Studies at the University of Birmingham.  

His main historical/research interests are on Germany and her Armed Forces since 1871, the Cold War and post-1945 conflicts.

Ian is married to Sally, has two children and lives in Shepperton, Middlesex.

A graduate of the Université d'Ottawa (Maitrise ès Arts, 1984) and the University of Toronto (PhD, 1990), Bill Rawling has focused his efforts on the First World War (Surviving Trench Warfare; Une façon de faire la guerre), on the history of medicine (The Myriad Challenges of Peace; La mort pour ennemi) and on the engineering branch (Technicians of Battle; Ottawa's Sappers). He is currently working on a biography of Rear-Admiral Victor Brodeur, who served in the Royal Canadian Navy from 1909 to 1947, and on The History of the Canadian Military Engineers, Volume IV, 1972-2003.

Bill Rawling has been a historical researcher for Canada's Department of  National Defence since 1988, providing narratives and chapters for official histories such as The Crucible of War, No Higher Purpose, and A Blue Water Navy, as well as for the commemorative book Liberation: The Canadians in Europe. He is currently a member of a team working on Volume I of the official history of the Royal Canadian Navy, tentatively entitled The Sea-bound Coast.

Andy Rawson is a civil engineer. He is that unusual phenomenon, an original thinker on the Great War, much influenced by his experience of war gaming. He is an authority on the British and French orders of battle in the Great War and is especially interested in the movement of British, Allied and enemy forces on the Western Front.

He is also interested in British military intelligence in the Great War, particularly tactical intelligence behind enemy lines. He is the author of Loos: Hill 70 (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2002), Loos 1915: The Northern Battle and the Hohenzollern Redoubt (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2002). His account of the Walcheren campaign of 1944 appeared in Pen & Sword’s Battleground Europe Series in 2003 and was followed in 2004 by studies of Remagen and Cherbourg. He is currently working on further studies in the Battleground Europe Series, on a British Army Handbook 1914-1918 for Sutton and on a biographical dictionary of US generals in the Second World War.

Jeffrey Reznick is currently chief of the History of Medicine Division of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health. He joined the NLM following his tenure as director of the Institute for the Study of Occupation and Health of the American Occupational Therapy Foundation. Previously, he served as senior curator of the National Museum of Health and Medicine of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and as Executive Director and Senior Research Fellow of the Orthotic and Prosthetic Assistance Fund.

As a social and cultural historian of medicine and war, Jeffrey is author of two books, both published by Manchester University Press in its Cultural History of Modern War series:  John Galsworthy and Disabled Soldiers of the Great War: With an Illustrated Selection of His Writings, (2009), and Healing the nation: Soldiers and the culture of caregiving in Britain during the First World War (2005). He is also author of numerous essays, book reviews, articles for the popular press, and entries in major reference works.

Jeffrey's ongoing research involves studies of the ‘materiality’ of Great War medical and voluntary-aid programs, of individual and collective memory of the period 1914-1918 and of the significance of this memory to historical research and to wider dialogue about the immediate and future care of soldiers disabled in war. 

Jeffrey has lectured nationally and internationally on a variety of historical and contemporary health subjects. During the past decade he has offered dozens of presentations to academic and non-academic audiences alike at healthcare professional meetings and institutions including Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for the Intrepid at Brooke Army Medical Center of Fort Sam Houston, Harvard University, The Johns Hopkins University’s Institute of the History of Medicine, London’s Imperial War Museum, University of Barcelona, University of London’s Institute of Historical Research, Smith College, Smithsonian National Museum of American History, and Villanova University. Complementing these public presentations are Jeffrey's numerous interviews with national and regional press, including The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, Time Magazine, Washingtonian Magazine, and WUSA Channel 9 News of Washington, DC.

In the trajectory of his career in academe and the national non-profit sector, Jeffrey has served as an adviser to a number organizations including the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Howard University Public Health Council, and The Polus Center for Social and Economic Development’s Disability Leadership Institute in Léon Nicaragua, an initiative funded by the Patrick Leahy War Victims Fund and The Pan-American Health Organization. Jeffrey is also a former member of the board of the Friends of the National Library of Medicine, having served that nonprofit organization for nearly seven years before joining the staff of the NLM.

Jeffrey is a fellow of the Royal Historical Society (FRHistS) and holds active membership in several professional historical associations, including the American Historical Association, American Association for the History of Medicine, and International Society for First World War Studies.

A native of Rochester, New York, Jeffrey lives in Rockville, Maryland, with his wife and two daughters. He received his MA and PhD from Emory University and his B.A. from the University of Rochester, where he graduated Magna Cum Laude and Phi Beta Kappa. 

Andrew Robertshaw is Curator/Manager of The Royal Logistic Corps Museum in Deepcut. He was previously Head of Education at The National Army Museum.

During his career Andrew has lectured to international audiences on many aspects of British military history including Leadership at the Staff College, Shrivenham, infantry history at the Infantry Training Centre, Catterick, and twentieth-century military medicine at the Wellcome Trust, London. An Honorary Lecturer at University College London, he is also a consultant to the CWGC and the Belgian Association for World War Archaeology on various aspects of the identification of Great War casualties.  For the past fifteen years Andy has been involved in conducting archaeological projects on the Western Front. He is the Honorary President of the archaeological group ‘No Man's Land’, which he helped establish.

Over the past twelve years he has regularly appeared in the battlefield archaeology series such as Two Men in a Trench, the BBC series Ancestors and Time Team. He is currently lead historian for The Trench Detectives: Finding The Fallen series. His publications include various articles and essays, three books on military history for young people including A Soldier's Life, Heinemann 1997. Somme 1 July 1916: Tragedy and Triumph was published by Osprey in 2006. A joint work with David Kenyon, ‘Digging the Trenches: The Archaeology of the Western Front’, will be published in the shortly.

Andy’s current projects include working with a small team to analyse aspects the documentary film ‘The Somme’. This will be used in a new publication and in the viewing notes to accompany the Imperial War Museum DVD.

Matthew Richardson has worked closely with Peter Liddle. He was Assistant Keeper of the Liddle Collection from 1995 to 1998 before being appointed Curator of the Saddleworth Museum. Since November 2001 he has been Curator of Social History at Manx National Heritage. 

He is the author of ‘Voices from the Past’, Journal of Contemporary History, 32 (1997) (with Peter Liddle), ‘Weapons and Equipment of the Briish Soldier’, in Peter H. Liddle (ed), Passchendaele in Perspective. The 3rd Battle of Ypres (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1997), ‘A Changing Meaning’, in Peter H. Liddle and Hugh Cecil (eds), At the Eleventh Hour (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 1998), The Tigers. 6th, 7th, 8th & 9th (Service) Battalions of the Leicestershire Regiment (Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2000) and Fighting Tigers (Barnsley: Pen &Sword, 2002). His ‘Medals, Memory and Meaning’, in Nicholas Saunders (ed), Material Culture and the First World War (London: Routledge) will be forthcoming in 2002. 

Matthew Richardson is interested in all aspects of personal involvement in the First World War. He is currently researching a study of ‘The BEF and the Battles of 1914’.

Simon Robbins is Archivist in the Department of Documents at the Imperial War Museum. His PhD on ‘British Generalship on the Western Front, 1914-1918’ (2001) displayed his mastery of British generals’ personal records, which is unrivalled. This work formed the basis of his important study, British Generalship on the Western Front, 1914-1918: Defeat into Victory, which was published by Frank Cass in December 2004. He is also the author of God's General. Cromwell as a Soldier (Stroud: Sutton, 2003) and, together with Brian Bond, edited Staff Officer. The Diaries of Walter Guinness (1st Lord Moyne), 1914-1918 (London: Leo Cooper, 1987).

Simon Robbins is currently preparing an edition of the letters of General Lord Horne for the Army Records Society and is also working on a biography of General Lord Horne, which will be published by Ashgate in their ‘Birmingham Studies in First World War History’ Series.  He is also collaborating with John Bourne on the multi-biography of Britain’s Western Front generals.

Krisztina Robert was born in Hungary, where she took her first degree, which included a thesis on ‘The Falklands War, 1982’. Her PhD at the University of Houston was entitled ‘Gendering Class, Patriotism, and Militarism: The Women’s Corps Movement in Britain during and after World War I’. 

She is the author of ‘Gender, Class, and Patriotism: Women’s Paramilitary Units in First World War Britain’, International History Review, 19 (1) (February 1997), pp. 52-65, and has contributed articles on aspects of the First World War to the Reader’s Guide to British History, including ‘World War I: Women’s Roles’ and ‘World War II: Women’s Roles’ (Fitzroy Dearborn, forthcoming, 2002) and to the Reader’s Guide to Military History, including ‘Home Fronts: World War I,’ ‘Military Symbolism and Iconography’, ‘Pacifism’, and ‘World War I: Armed Forces, Austro-Hungarian Army’ (Fitzroy Dearborn, 2001).

Krisztina Robert is currently working on Women’s military service and civilian war work in the two world wars, the social and cultural history of the First World War, and the social and cultural aspects of militarism in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Andy Simpson works in IT. Since 1992 he has been a freelance software testing consultant. He is the author of Hot Blood and Cold Steel: Life and Death in the Trenches of the Great War (London: Tom Donovan, 1995), The Evolution of Victory: British Battles on the Western Front, 1914-1918 (London: Tom Donovan, 1995) and the recently published Directing Operations: British Corps Command on the Western Front, 1914-18 (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2006). He has contributed to the New Dictionary of National Biography, to The Reader’s Guide to Military History ed. Charles Messenger (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2001) and to Gary Sheffield & Dan Todman’s important collection, Command and Control on the Western Front: The British Army’s Experience, 1914-1918 (Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2004).

He is about to embark on a study of British armoured doctrine, 1938-43 but does not intend to desert the First World War permanently.

Keith Simpson has been Member of Parliament for Mid Norfolk, his native turf, since 1997. He is currently Shadow Minister for Defence. Before entering parliament he was Senior Lecturer in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst (1973-86), Head of Foreign Affairs and Defence, Conservative Central Office (1986-88), Special Adviser to the Secretary of State for Defence (1988-90) and Director of the Cranfield Security Studies Institute, Cranfield University (1991-97). 

He is the author of The Old Contemptibles (London: Allen & Unwin, 1981), History of the German Army (London: Bison Books, 1985) and Waffen SS (1990). Together with Ian Beckett he edited the splendid collection of essays A Nation in Arms. A Social Study of the British Army in the First World War (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985; London: Tom Donovan, 1990), to which he contributed a chapter on ‘The officers’ of the pre-war Regular Army and an invaluable ‘Annotated bibliography of the British Army, 1914-1918’. He also effected the re-publication of J.C. Dunn’s magnificent account of 2nd Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers on the Western Front, The War the Infantry Knew, in 1987, for which he wrote an informative introduction. Keith Simpson is a member of the Royal United Services Institute, the Institute of Strategic Studies and the British Commission for Military History.

William Spencer joined the Royal Navy after leaving school. Although he claims to have spent most of his naval career doing sport (he is a sub-four minute miler), he did find time to take part in the Falklands War. His expert knowledge of medals won him employment at the Public Record Office (as it then was): he is now Principal Specialist: Military Records at The National Archives of the United Kingdom. 

William Spencer’s knowledge of the British Army’s First World War Records is awesome and he well deserves Max Hastings’s recent description of him as ‘the military records’ guru’. He is the author of Militia and Volunteer Forces 1757-1945 (London: Public Record Office, 1997), Army Service Records for Family Historians (London: Public Record Office, 1998), Air Force Records for Family Historians (London: Public Record Office, 2000) and Army Service Records of the First World War (London: Public Record Office, 2001).  His most recent book, Medals: The Researcher’s Guide (London: National Archives, 2006), makes his prodigious knowledge of medals available to a wider audience.

Nigel Steel succeeded Peter Simkins as Head of the Research and Information Department, Imperial War Museum in June 1999. He has written widely on the First World War and has developed a special interest in the Gallipoli campaign. His books on the Great War include Defeat at Gallipoli (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1994), Tumult in the Clouds (London: Hodder, 1997), Passchendaele, the Sacrificial Ground (London: Cassell Military, 2001), and Jutland 1916 (London: Cassell Military, 2003) (all co-authored with his colleague Peter Hart). He and Peter Hart are currently working on a study of the ‘Somme 1916’, for publication in 2005. Nigel Steel is a frequent visitor to the battlefields of the Great War, in whose preservation he has taken a keen interest. He is Co-Secretary of the All Party War Graves and Battlefield Heritage Group (Chaired by Lord Faulkner of Worcester).

Jim Storr has a portfolio career in the defence sector.  His principal areas of work are consultancy, teaching, writing and research.  Recent consultancy and research clients include the Swedish Ministry of Defence, the Boeing Corporation and QinetiQ.  He teaches occasionally at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom.    

His first career was as an infantry officer.  He wrote the British Army’s current high-level tactical doctrine, and its analyses of military operations in Iraq in 2003 and in Northern Ireland since 1969. 

His doctoral thesis, entitled 'The Nature of Military Thought', was completed in 2002.  His principal area of interest is the interplay of human behaviour and technology on the battlefield, and the resulting implications for military effectiveness. 

Roderick Suddaby is Keeper of the Department of Documents at the Imperial War Museum, where he has worked since 1971. The revival in First World War Studies over the last twenty-five years has been due largely to the availability of new archival material. The collection, cataloguing and maintenance of this material is of central importance to all scholars. Roderick Suddaby’s contribution has been in the front rank, as his ‘Collected Acknowledgements’ warmly testify. Something of the marvellous range of the Department of Documents’ resources may be glimpsed in his article, ‘IWM: Rich Store for Writers’, Army Quarterly & Defence Journal, 124 (October 1994). He has been a member of the Council of the Army Records Society and the Navy Records Society at frequent intervals since 1980.

Andrew Thornton works as Admissions Officer at the Birmingham College of Food, Tourism and Creative Studies. He is an authority on 137th (Staffordshire) Brigade, about which he has written on the web: ‘The Staffordshire Brigade at Wulverghem, April to June 1915’  and ‘“We had done all that was expected of us”: Staffordshire Territorials and the Assault on the Hohenzollern Redoubt, 13 October 1915’. His other interests are the British Expeditionary Force in 1914 and the uniforms and equipment of the British Army during the Great War. He was awarded the degree of M Phil in 2004 for his thesis on ‘The Territorial Force in Staffordshire, 1908-15’.

Mike Vice is a retired museum curator who is now pursuing a freelance museum consulting career.  Following service with the US Army in Vietnam as an infantry officer, he launched into a military museum career which spanned over 30 years with the US Army Museum System and the US National Park Service at several different military museum sites.  The last ten years of his career was spent as the Chief Museum Curator at Gettysburg National Military Park.

He has always had a strong interest in the Great War as both his grandfathers served with the US Army overseas in France.  His interest in field fortifications has caused him to explore the parallels of their usage between the American Civil War and the Great War.  Additionally, he is at work on a book dealing with British military artifacts of the Crimean War, which has caused him to make several research trips to the UK in the last three years which is something he always enjoys.

Mike continues to reside in Gettysburg with his wife Jean where he is active with a number of professional military history and living history organizations in both the US and the UK.

In Poland Alone: Britain, SOE & the Collapse of the Polish Resistance (The History Press, 2008), he studied the role of the Special Operations Executive in Eastern Europe. He continued his researches into insurgency warfare with a contribution to Daniel Marston and Carter Malkasian’s Counterinsurgency in Modern Warfare (Osprey, 2008). He has also contributed to Celia Lee and Paul Strong’s new collection of studies of Women in War (Pen & Sword, 2012). Returning to World War One, his latest book, The Blue Beast: Power and Passion in the Great War (The History Press, 2012), is a lively study of the role and influence of mistresses on FM Sir John French, Lieutenant-General Sir John Cowans and HH Asquith. 

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David T. Zabecki retired from the Army of the United States in 2007. He started his military career in 1966, serving in Vietnam as an infantry rifleman. He rose to the rank of Sergeant First Class before receiving a commission as a field artillery officer. He later qualified for a secondary specialty as a military intelligence officer. He commanded as a Captain, Lieutenant Colonel, Colonel, Brigadier General, and Major General. He also served as a chief of staff. In 1995 and 1996 he served in the Balkans. In 2003 he was posted to Israel as the Senior Security Advisor on the U.S. Coordinating and Monitoring Mission, responsible for advancing the Roadmap to Peace in the Middle East initiative. His principal task was to serve as the chief negotiator between the Israeli Defense Force and the multiple Palestinian Authority security organizations. In 2004 and 2005 he was the U.S. Department of Defense Executive Director for all World War II 60th Anniversary observances in Europe, and he successively commanded Task Forces D-Day 60; Market-Garden 60; Ardennes 60; and Margraten 60. In 2005 and 2006 he commanded the U.S. Southern European Task Force Rear and served as the Senior U.S. Army Commander South of the Alps. In that capacity he was the Co-Chairman of the Italian-American Joint Military Commission. He also served as the Executive Director of Exercise Torgau 2005, the largest Russian-American combined military exercise since World War II.

He is a graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College; the U.S. Army War College; and Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government Executive Program for Russian and American General Officers. He has lectured at the U.S. Army War College; Virginia Military Institute; the Ecole Militaire in Paris; and the Frunze Academy in Moscow.  He has served as a staff ride leader or instructor on more than 30 European battlefields.

He is author of more than 500 magazine and journal articles, encyclopedia entries, and book reviews. He is the author of the book, Steel Wind: Colonel Georg Bruchmüller and the Birth of Modern Artillery (Praeger: 1994); the editor in chief of World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia (Garland: 1999); the editor and translator of Truppenführung: On the German Art of War (Lynne Rienner: 2001); the editor of Vietnam: A Reader (iBooks: 2002); the author of The German 1918 Offensives: A Case Study in the Operational Level of War (Taylor and Francis: 2006); and the editor of the two-volume Chief of Staff: The Principal Staff Officers Behind History’s Great Commanders (U.S. Naval Institute Press: 2008). He has served as an assistant editor of seven military history encyclopedias under the general editorship of Professor Spencer, published by ABC-Clio. From 2000 to 2009 he was the editor of Vietnam Magazine, and he is currently the Senior Historian of the Weider History Group, the world’s largest publisher of history magazines. He has appeared as a commentator on The History Channel. He lives in Freiburg, Germany, within two miles of the German Military Archives. His grandfather, Oscar Luthgren, was a rifleman in the American Expeditionary Force in 1918.