I received my PhD in Philosophy from the University of Cambridge in 1990, and was a lecturer in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Birmingham from 1991 until taking early retirement in January 2015.

I have taught undergraduate modules on moral philosophy, Schopenhauer and Spinoza at Birmingham, as well as modules on Berkeley and Nietzsche.

My principal research interests are the philosophy of mind (particularly the theory of action and the nature of rational deliberation); metaphysics (esp. the issues of universals, free will, and personal identity); Kant’s moral philosophy; the philosophies of Schopenhauer and Spinoza; and some areas in the philosophy of religion (esp. divine command theories of morality).

• Rejoinder to Bermúdez on Lewis, Newcomb's Problem and the Prisoner's Dilemma. Philosophia DOI 10.1007/s11406-015-9633-3, Advance Online publication, July 2015
• ‘The Real Reason Why the Prisoner’s Dilemma is not a Newcomb Problem’, forthcoming in Philosophia (accepted January 6^th, 2014).
• Kant, Schopenhauer and Morality - Recovering the Categorical Imperative, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012., Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
• `The Freedom of Judgment', International Journal of Philosophical Studies Vol.11, no.1, March 2003.
• `A Problem for Causal Theories of Action' Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 2002.
• `Against One Form of Judgment Determinism', International Journal of Philosophical Studies, May 2001, Vol.9(2), pp. 199-227.
• 'Williams, Truth-Aimedness and the Voluntariness of Judgement', Ratio, March 2001, Vol. XIV, No.1, pp.68-83.
• 'The Voluntariness of Judgement: Reply to Stein', Inquiry 41, September 1998.