Professor Heather D. Flowe PhD

Professor of Psychology

Contact details

Telephone: +44 (0)121 414 4925
Email: h.flowe@bham.ac.uk
Twitter: @hflowe

Address: School of Psychology
University of Birmingham
Edgbaston
Birmingham
B15 2TT
UK

Professor Heather Flowe’s research is centered on understanding episodic memory, particularly witness memory retrieval processes, using both experimental and applied approaches. She develops memory enhancing, broad reach, low-cost procedures that are integrated into legal systems around the world, such as VR 3D Interactive lineups.

Heather is the Director of Global Engagement for the College of Life and Environmental Sciences, the Gender Equality Theme Lead at the Institute for Global Innovation, and the Co-Director of the Centre for Crime Justice and Policing (Victims and Trauma), and a member of the ESRC Grant Assessment Panel (A). Heather is a chartered psychologist.

Qualifications

PhD in Experimental Psychology, University of California, San Diego

Biography

Professor Heather Flowe joined the University of Birmingham in 2017.

Heather’s PhD in Experimental Psychology was awarded by the University of California, San Diego and supported by a National Science Foundation postgraduate studentship award. After a University of California Faculty Fellowship, she joined the University of Leicester as a Lecturer in Forensic Psychology. She served as the Chair of the University Ethics Committee, her work was featured in a REF 2014 Impact Case Study, and she served as Impact Case Study Coordinator for Psychology. She then joined Loughborough University as a Senior Lecturer, and was appointed Deputy Associate Dean (Enterprise) in the School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, where she led impact case study development for more than 200 academic staff in SportEx, Psychology, Biology, Anthropology, and other disciplines.

Heather has been awarded research grants worth over £4.2 million. She presently holds research grant awards from the ESRC and the AHRC. Past research sponsors have included the Home Office, the British Academy, the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the Health Foundation, the Nuffield Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and Alcohol Research, UK. Her work has been covered in the media, including the Guardian, Science Daily, the BBC, Criminal Justice and Law Weekly, and other international outlets, and her research impacts upon on policy and practice with respect to evidence-based practices used by the police and prosecutors in gathering witness and victim memory evidence. For examples, her work features in CPS guidance for prosecutors in evaluating the testimony of victims of rape and other serious sexual offences who were alcohol intoxicated during the crime, as well as in international guidance from the UKs Foreign and Commonwealth Office for the documentation and investigation of sexual violence in conflict.

Heather is a mid-career British Academy Midcareer Fellow (2019-2020), which has supported her work on rape victim-survivor memory retrieval processes during police interviews.

Heather is a member of the Editorial Board for Psychology Public Policy and Law, and Consulting Editor for Cognitive Research in the Public Interest.

Heather is a member of the ESRC Grant Assessment Panel for Geography and Psychology (Panel A|), and reviews grant proposals from the British Academy, the Canadian Research Council, the National Science Foundation, the Irish Research Council, among others.

Teaching

Heather’s courses are consistently rated very highly by students, and by peer evaluation. She holds a Distinguished Teaching award from the University of California San Diego Academic Senate. More than 55 of her MSc in Forensic and Legal Psychology students and 13 of her MSc Psychology Research Methods students have successfully completed.

Heather has taught modules and supervised students on the Forensic Psychology Practice Doctorate course and on the MSc Psychology course.

Heather has also served as sole convenor and assessor for 11 different undergraduate modules, including: Legal Psychology, Criminal Psychology, Criminology, Social Psychology, Introduction to Social Psychology, Introduction to Statistics, Introduction to Psychology, Introduction to Statistics, Research Methods, Advanced Data Analysis; Tests and Measurement; and Clinical Psychology.

Heather was the Course Director for the MSc Assessment and Treatment of Sex Offenders from 2008-2012.

Heather was appointed as the external examiner for the MSc in Forensic Psychology at the University of Gloucester from 2017-2021.

Postgraduate supervision

Professor Heather Flowe supervises projects on episodic memory retrieval, particularly experimental research that can be applied to the context of the legal system. Past and present projects include:

eyewitness identification
forensic face matching
face recognition
remembering rape and other traumatic events
investigative interviewing
alcohol and other drugs on memory
rape case adjudication
prosecutorial decision making
risk taking in women
trauma interventions
metacognition
domestic violence interventions

Heather would be pleased to hear from prospective PhD students. She also enjoys working with undergraduate and MSc students. Nearly all her publications have included student authors.

Heather is also pleased to host postdoctoral students, faculty, and other visitors. Recent lab visitors have been from Italy, Pakistan, Australia, Kenya, and the United States.

Research

Heather currently has two main lines of research:

Sexual Violence

Heather is investigating the memory retrieval strategies during police interview procedures in laboratory research, and testing methods of preserving and protecting the memory evidence of rape victim survivors in field research. She also has investigated the role of victim and eyewitness statements and testimony in case investigations and adjudication. In addition to projects in the UK and the US, Heather also has projects in the Global South, innovating solutions to gathering survivor testimony in documenting and investigating sexual violence cases in low resource environments, such as with the Wangu Kanja Foundation in Kenya.

Heather is the PI for the UKRI GCRF Rights for Time Network+ which is commissioning research on humanitarian protection initiatives in the Global South.

ID Parades and Lineups

Heather and her colleagues are innovating new criminal identification procedures, such as 3D interactive virtual reality lineups to improve the accuracy and reliability of eyewitness identification. This addresses fundamental questions such as how faces are represented in long-term memory and discovering effective cues for enhancing memory retrieval. This line of research also considers the effects of own race bias, alcohol intoxication, and development on identification accuracy and reliability.

Research Funding

Heather has attracted over £4.2 million for her research. Current research projects are supported by the ESRC and the AHRC.

Publications

Highlight publications

Colloff, M, Seale-Carlisle, T, Karoğlu, N, Rockey, J, Smith, HMJ, Smith, LL, Maltby, J, Yaremenko, S & Flowe, H 2021, 'Perpetrator pose reinstatement during a lineup test increases discrimination accuracy', Scientific Reports, vol. 11, no. 1, 13830. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92509-0

Colloff, MF, Flowe, HD, Smith, HMJ, Seale-Carlisle, TM, Meissner, CA, Rockey, JC, Pande, B, Kujur, P, Parveen, N, Chandel, P, Singh, MM, Pradhan, S & Parganiha, A 2022, 'Active exploration of faces in police lineups increases discrimination accuracy', American Psychologist, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 196-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000832

Flowe, HD, Mehta, A & Ebbesen, EB 2011, 'The role of eyewitness identification evidence in felony case dispositions.', Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021311

Humphries, J & Flowe, H 2016, 'Receiver operating characteristic analysis of age-related changes in lineup performance', Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, vol. 132, pp. 189-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2014.12.009

Flowe, HD, Humphries, J, Takarangi, M, Zelek, K, Karoğlu, N, Gabbert, F & Hope, L 2019, 'An experimental examination of the effects of alcohol consumption and exposure to misleading postevent information on remembering a hypothetical rape scenario', Applied Cognitive Psychology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 393-413. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3531

Recent publications

Article

Stevens, LM, Bennett, TC, Cotton, J, Rockowitz, S & Flowe, HD 2024, 'A critical analysis of gender-based violence reporting and evidence building applications (GBVxTech) for capturing memory reports', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 1289817. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1289817

Deering, K, Colloff, MF, Bennett, TC & Flowe, HD 2024, 'Does presenting perpetrator and innocent suspect faces from different facial angles influence the susceptibility of eyewitness memory? An investigation into the misinformation effect and eyewitness misidentification', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 1213996. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1213996

Dilevski, N, Cullen, HJ, van Golde, C, Flowe, HD, Paterson, HM, Takarangi, MKT & Monds, LA 2024, 'Juror Perceptions of Bystander and Victim Intoxication by Different Substances', Criminal Justice and Behavior, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 569-587. https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241227543

Stevens, LM, Monds, LA, Riordan, B, Hayre, RK & Flowe, HD 2023, 'Acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol expectancy effects on women’s memory for consensual and non-consensual sexual activity', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, 1008563. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1008563

Meyer, M, Colloff, MF, Bennett, TC, Hirata, E, Kohl, A, Stevens, LM, Smith, HMJ, Staudigl, T & Flowe, HD 2023, 'Enabling witnesses to actively explore faces and reinstate study-test pose during a lineup increases discriminability', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 120, no. 41, e2301845120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301845120

Ghosh, A, Flowe, H & Rockey, J 2023, 'Estimating excess mortality due to female genital mutilation', Scientific Reports, vol. 13, no. 1, 13328. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38276-6

Rockowitz, S, Rockey, J, Stevens, LM, Colloff, MF, Kanja, W & Flowe, HD 2023, 'Evaluating Case Attrition along the Medico-Legal Case Referral Pathway for Sexual and Domestic Violence Survivors in Kenya: A Secondary Data Analysis', Victims and Offenders, pp. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2023.2214550

Karavias, Y, Bandyopadhyay, S, Christie, C, Bradbury-Jones, C, Taylor, J, Kane, E & Flowe, HD 2023, 'Impact evaluation and economic benefit analysis of a domestic violence and abuse UK police intervention', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 1063701. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1063701

Psychological Science Accelerator Self-Determination Theory Collaboration 2022, 'A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 22, e2111091119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2111091119

Gordon, R, Cheeseman, N, Rockowitz, S, Stevens, LM & Flowe, HD 2022, 'Government responses to gender-based violence during COVID-19', Frontiers in Global Women's Health, vol. 3, 857345. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2022.857345

Monds, LA, Cullen, HJ, Kloft, L, von Golde, C, Harrison, AWI & Flowe, H 2022, 'Memory and credibility perceptions of alcohol and other drug intoxicated witnesses and victims of crime', Psychology, Crime and Law, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 820-840 . https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2021.1962871

Comment/debate

Wang, K, Goldenberg, A, Dorison, CA, Miller, JK, Uusberg, A, Lerner, JS, Gross, JJ, Agesin, BB, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Eudave, L, Grzech, K, Ozery, DH, Jackson, EA, Garcia, EOL, Drexler, SM, Jurković, AP, Rana, K, Wilson, JP, Antoniadi, M, Desai, K, Gialitaki, Z, Kushnir, E, Nadif, K, Bravo, ON, Nauman, R, Oosterlinck, M, Pantazi, M, Pilecka, N, Szabelska, A, Van steenkiste, IMM, Filip, K, Bozdoc, AI, Marcu, GM, Agadullina, E, Adamkovič, M, Roczniewska, M, Reyna, C, Kassianos, AP, Westerlund, M, Ahlgren, L, Pöntinen, S, Adetula, GA, Dursun, P, Arinze, AI, Arinze, NC, Ogbonnaya, CE, Ndukaihe, ILG, Dalgar, I, Akkas, H, Macapagal, PM, Lewis, S, Metin-Orta, I, Foroni, F, Willis, M, Santos, AC, Mokady, A, Reggev, N, Kurfali, MA, Vasilev, MR, Nock, NL, Parzuchowski, M, Espinoza barría, MF, Vranka, M, Kohlová, MB, Ropovik, I, Harutyunyan, M, Wang, C, Yao, E, Becker, M, Manunta, E, Kaminski, G, Boudesseul, J, Marko, D, Evans, K, Lewis, DMG, Findor, A, Landry, AT, Aruta, JJB, Ortiz, MS, Vally, Z, Pronizius, E, Voracek, M, Lamm, C, Grinberg, M, Li, R, Valentova, JV, Mioni, G, Cellini, N, Chen, S, Zickfeld, J, Moon, K, Azab, H, Levy, N, Karababa, A, Beaudry, JL, Boucher, L, Collins, WM, Todsen, AL, Van schie, K, Vintr, J, Bavolar, J, Kaliska, L, Križanić, V, Samojlenko, L, Pourafshari, R, Geiger, SJ, Beitner, J, Warmelink, L, Ross, RM, Stephen, ID, Hostler, TJ, Azouaghe, S, Mccarthy, R, Szala, A, Grano, C, Solorzano, CS, Anjum, G, Jimenez-Leal, W, Bradford, M, Pérez, LC, Cruz vásquez, JE, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Kácha, O, Arvanitis, A, Xiao, Q, Cárcamo, R, Zorjan, S, Tajchman, Z, Vilares, I, Pavlacic, JM, Kunst, JR, Tamnes, CK, Von bastian, CC, Atari, M, Sharifian, M, Hricova, M, Kačmár, P, Schrötter, J, Rahal, R, Cohen, N, Fatahmodares, S, Zrimsek, M, Zakharov, I, Koehn, MA, Esteban-Serna, C, Calin-Jageman, RJ, Krafnick, AJ, Štrukelj, E, Isager, PM, Urban, J, Silva, JR, Martončik, M, Očovaj, SB, Šakan, D, Kuzminska, AO, Djordjevic, JM, Almeida, IAT, Ferreira, A, Lazarevic, LB, Manley, H, Ricaurte, DZ, Monteiro, RP, Etabari, Z, Musser, E, Dunleavy, D, Chou, W, Godbersen, H, Ruiz-Fernández, S, Reeck, C, Batres, C, Kirgizova, K, Muminov, A, Azevedo, F, Alvarez, DS, Butt, MM, Lee, JM, Chen, Z, Verbruggen, F, Ziano, I, Tümer, M, Charyate, ACA, Dubrov, D, Tejada rivera, MDCMC, Aberson, C, Pálfi, B, Maldonado, MA, Hubena, B, Sacakli, A, Ceary, CD, Richard, KL, Singer, G, Perillo, JT, Ballantyne, T, Cyrus-Lai, W, Fedotov, M, Du, H, Wielgus, M, Pit, IL, Hruška, M, Sousa, D, Aczel, B, Hajdu, N, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Barzykowski, K, Micheli, L, Schmidt, N, Zsido, AN, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Muda, R, Bialek, M, Kowal, M, Sorokowska, A, Misiak, M, Mola, D, Ortiz, MV, Correa, PS, Belaus, A, Muchembled, F, Ribeiro, RR, Arriaga, P, Oliveira, R, Vaughn, LA, Szwed, P, Kossowska, M, Czarnek, G, Kielińska, J, Antazo, B, Betlehem, R, Stieger, S, Nilsonne, G, Simonovic, N, Taber, J, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Domurat, A, Ihaya, K, Yamada, Y, Urooj, A, Gill, T, Čadek, M, Bylinina, L, Messerschmidt, J, Kurfalı, M, Adetula, A, Baklanova, E, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Kappes, HB, Gjoneska, B, House, T, Jones, MV, Berkessel, JB, Chopik, WJ, Çoksan, S, Seehuus, M, Khaoudi, A, Bokkour, A, El arabi, KA, Djamai, I, Iyer, A, Parashar, N, Adiguzel, A, Kocalar, HE, Bundt, C, Norton, JO, Papadatou-Pastou, M, De la rosa-Gomez, A, Ankushev, V, Bogatyreva, N, Grigoryev, D, Ivanov, A, Prusova, I, Romanova, M, Sarieva, I, Terskova, M, Hristova, E, Kadreva, VH, Janak, A, Schei, V, Sverdrup, TE, Askelund, AD, Pineda, LMS, Krupić, D, Levitan, CA, Johannes, N, Ouherrou, N, Say, N, Sinkolova, S, Janjić, K, Stojanovska, M, Stojanovska, D, Khosla, M, Thomas, AG, Kung, FYH, Bijlstra, G, Mosannenzadeh, F, Balci, BB, Reips, U, Baskin, E, Ishkhanyan, B, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dixson, BJW, Moreau, D, Sutherland, CAM, Chuan-Peng, H, Noone, C, Flowe, H, Anne, M, Janssen, SMJ, Topor, M, Majeed, NM, Kunisato, Y, Yu, K, Daches, S, Hartanto, A, Vdovic, M, Anton-Boicuk, L, Forbes, PAG, Kamburidis, J, Marinova, E, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rachev, NR, Stoyanova, A, Schmidt, K, Suchow, JW, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Jernsäther, T, Olofsson, JK, Bialobrzeska, O, Marszalek, M, Tatachari, S, Afhami, R, Law, W, Antfolk, J, Žuro, B, Van doren, N, Soto, JA, Searston, R, Miranda, J, Damnjanović, K, Yeung, SK, Krupić, D, Hoyer, K, Jaeger, B, Ren, D, Pfuhl, G, Klevjer, K, Corral-Frías, NS, Frias-Armenta, M, Lucas, MY, Torres, AO, Toro, M, Delgado, LGJ, Vega, D, Solas, SÁ, Vilar, R, Massoni, S, Frizzo, T, Bran, A, Vaidis, DC, Vieira, L, Paris, B, Capizzi, M, Coelho, GLDH, Greenburgh, A, Whitt, CM, Tullett, AM, Du, X, Volz, L, Bosma, MJ, Karaarslan, C, Sarıoğuz, E, Allred, TB, Korbmacher, M, Colloff, MF, Lima, TJS, Ribeiro, MFF, Verharen, JPH, Karekla, M, Karashiali, C, Sunami, N, Jaremka, LM, Storage, D, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Hanel, PHP, Holford, DL, Sirota, M, Wolfe, K, Chiu, F, Theodoropoulou, A, Ahn, ER, Lin, Y, Westgate, EC, Brohmer, H, Hofer, G, Dujols, O, Vezirian, K, Feldman, G, Travaglino, GA, Ahmed, A, Li, M, Bosch, J, Torunsky, N, Bai, H, Manavalan, M, Song, X, Walczak, RB, Zdybek, P, Friedemann, M, Rosa, AD, Kozma, L, Alves, SG, Lins, S, Pinto, IR, Correia, RC, Babinčák, P, Banik, G, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Varella, MAC, Uttley, J, Beshears, JE, Thommesen, KK, Behzadnia, B, Geniole, SN, Silan, MA, Maturan, PLG, Vilsmeier, JK, Tran, US, Izquierdo, SM, Mensink, MC, Sorokowski, P, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Radtke, T, Adoric, VC, Carpentier, J, Özdoğru, AA, Joy-Gaba, JA, Hedgebeth, MV, Ishii, T, Wichman, AL, Röer, JP, Ostermann, T, Davis, WE, Suter, L, Papachristopoulos, K, Zabel, C, Onie, S, Ebersole, CR, Chartier, CR, Mallik, PR, Urry, HL, Buchanan, EM, Coles, NA, Primbs, MA, Basnight-Brown, DM, Ijzerman, H, Forscher, PS & Moshontz, H 2022, 'Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic', Nature Human Behaviour, vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 1318-1319. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-022-01441-4

Editorial

Hagsand, AV, Flowe, H, Takarangi, M & Gawrylowicz, J 2023, 'Editorial: The impact of alcohol and drugs on suspects', victims' and witnesses' cognition and memory', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 1209406. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1209406

Review article

Rockowitz, S, Wagner, K, Cooper, R, Stevens, L, Davies, K, Woodhams, J, Kanja, W & Flowe, HD 2024, 'A Systematic Review of Criminal Justice Initiatives to Strengthen the Criminal Investigation and Prosecution of Sexual Violence in East Africa', Trauma, Violence and Abuse, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 813-827. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380231165694

Rockowitz, S, Flowe, H & Bradbury-Jones, C 2022, 'A Scoping Review on Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Medicolegal Service Provision in East Africa', Trauma, Violence and Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380221134292

View all publications in research portal