PhD in Exercise Science (Exercise Physiology and Nutrition), Arizona State University, Tempe, 1991.
MSc in Physical Education (Exercise Physiology), California State University, Sacramento, 1987.
BSc in Physical Education (Exercise Physiology), California State University, Sacramento, 1985.
Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (FACSM)
Fellow of the European College of Sport Science (FECSS)