Exploring a wider context of international relations in the Middle Ages, my research focuses on the depictions of and attitudes towards the Byzantine Empire in Viking Age and medieval Scandinavian primary sources. With sources ranging from eleventh-century continental Scandinavian runic inscriptions to fifteenth-century works of Icelandic literature, this project investigates the continuity and evolution of linguistic and thematic representations of the Byzantine Empire and its people from a Northern European perspective. By its completion, this project aspires to have reached a deeper understanding of the Scandinavian perception of the Byzantine 'Other', re-evaluating the interpretation and relationship between sources from the Viking Age and the subsequent medieval period.