Dr Richard Shorten

Dr Richard Shorten

Department of Political Science and International Studies
Associate Professor in Political Theory

Contact details

Address
Department of Political Science and International Studies
School of Government
Muirhead Tower
University of Birmingham
Edgbaston, Birmingham,
B15 2TT, United Kingdom

Richard Shorten is a political theorist who specializes in the history of political ideas in twentieth-century Europe.  He primarily studies extremist and radical political philosophies, ideologies and rhetoric, including the past and present opposition they have stimulated.  He is author of Modernism and Totalitarianism (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012) and The Ideology of Political Reactionaries (Routledge, 2022).  He is presently working on a further book provisionally entitled Vulnerability and Political Thought: Learning from the Twentieth Century.

Qualifications

  • PhD Political Science (Birmingham)
  • MA Social Research (Birmingham)
  • BA Modern History and Political Science (Birmingham)

Biography

Richard Shorten is a political theorist and historian of ideas.  The main themes of his work centre on political writing, violence and injury.  His research makes special use of approaches from ideology, rhetoric and literature.  

His first book, Modernism and Totalitarianism: Rethinking the Intellectual Sources of Nazism and Stalinism, 1945 to the Present (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), is an intervention in widespread disagreement about the nature of totalitarianism in modern social and political philosophy. 

His second book, The Ideology of Political Reactionaries (Routledge, 2022) is an exercise in the interpretation of right-wing political thought that profiles the writings of an eclectic range of figures from past and present, arguing that a continuity of beliefs and styles is too often obscured.  

His current project is to explore the topic of vulnerability as it appears in the political writings of three exemplary exponents of anti-totalitarian, progressive thought: Hannah Arendt, Albert Camus and George Orwell.  Specifically, this project asks: what, in the present, might be recoverable from their distinctive experiments in ‘voice’?

Future work is planned which will explore these ongoing themes in relation to the different national conversations Western countries have conducted about the presence of violent pasts in contemporary politics and society. 

Alongside the books, his own writing has appeared in prominent journals in the fields of both political science and history, and, especially, in the Journal of Political Ideologies, where he has contributed five articles.  He is also a frequent reviewer of new books on twentieth-century political thought for the journal European Legacy.

In addition to academic writing, he has contributed a number of opinion and think pieces, in such places as PSA Blog, The Cicero Foundation, Ideology Theory Practice, The Conversation, and The Birmingham Perspective.

Teaching

  • History of Political Ideas (second-year undergraduate)
  • Political Theory and Social Criticism (third-year undergraduate)

Postgraduate supervision

Richard Shorten is happy to consider supervising doctoral researchers in the broad areas of modern political philosophy, ideology or rhetoric.

Research

  • Fascism, Marxism and totalitarianism
  • Reactionaries and conservatives
  • The political thought of Hannah Arendt, Albert Camus and George Orwell
  • Ethics and politics of vulnerability

Other activities

Other professional appointments

  • Membership of Political Studies Association

Publications

Highlight publications

Shorten, R 2021, The Ideology of Political Reactionaries. Routledge Innovations in Political Theory, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003224891

Shorten, R 2012, Modernism and Totalitarianism: Rethinking the Intellectual Sources of Nazism and Stalinism, 1945 to the Present. Modernism and..., Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.

Shorten, R 2015, 'Reactionary rhetoric reconsidered', Journal of Political Ideologies, vol. 20, no. 2, 4, pp. 179-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2015.1034466

Shorten, R 2025, 'Orwell, Arendt, and Camus on the Art of Writing and Political Thinking', European Legacy. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2025.2549611

Recent publications

Article

Shorten, R 2025, 'Reactionary vanguards and the social question (or, contemporary vulnerability politics between Left and Right decontestations)', Journal for the Study of Radicalism, vol. 19, no. 2.

Shorten, R 2021, 'The anti-totalitarian left between atrocity and justice', Il Pensiero Storico, vol. 9, pp. 119-150. <https://ilpensierostorico.com/totalitarismi-passati-presenti-e-futuri/>

Shorten, R 2020, 'Why bad books matter: past and future directions for understanding reactionary ideology', Politics, Religion & Ideology, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 401-422. https://doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2019.1697873

Shorten, R 2018, 'The Cold War as Comparative Political Thought', Cold War History, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 385-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2018.1434508

Chapter

Shorten, R 2018, Totalitarianism and the end of the end-of-ideology. in M Freeden (ed.), Re-energising Ideology Studies: The Maturing of a Discipline . Routledge, London. <https://www.routledge.com/Re-energizing-Ideology-Studies-The-maturing-of-a-discipline/Freeden/p/book/9780367892845>

Book/Film/Article review

Shorten, R 2025, 'Simona Forti. Totalitarianism: A Borderline Idea in Political Philosophy. Square One: First-Order Questions in the Humanities Series. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2024. viii + 170 pp. $25.00, paper, ISBN 978-1-5036-3737-5' H-Net Reviews. <https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=60604 >

Shorten, R 2024, 'George Orwell’s Perverse Humanity: Socialism and Free Speech: by Glenn Burgess, London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2023, 280 pp., £81.00 (cloth), £19.79 (paper)', European Legacy, vol. 29, no. 3-4, pp. 440-442. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2023.2275885

Shorten, R 2023, 'Review of Kei Hiruta: Hannah Arendt and Isaiah Berlin: Freedom, Politics and Humanity (Princeton University Press, 2021)', Review of Politics, vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0034670522001152

Shorten, R 2021, 'Review of John Rodden, Becoming George Orwell: Life and Letters, Legend and Legacy (Princeton University Press, 2020)', European Legacy, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 521-522. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2021.2010319

Shorten, R 2019, 'Review of Thomas J. Main, The Rise of the Alt-Right (Brookings Institution Press, 2018)', Perspectives on Politics, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 243-245. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592718003638

Shorten, R 2018, 'Perspectives on the Entangled History of Communism and Nazism: A Comnaz Analysis', European Legacy, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 342-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2017.1402524

Shorten, R 2017, 'Review of Antonio Costa Pinto and Aristotle Kallis (eds), Rethinking Fascism and Dictatorship in Europe (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014)', European Legacy, vol. 22, pp. 625-628. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2016.1237434

Shorten, R 2017, 'Review of Michal Aharony, Hannah Arendt and the Limits of Total Domination: The Holocaust, Plurality, and Resistance (Routledge, 2015)', Arendt Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 177-180. https://doi.org/10.5840/arendtstudies2017111

Entry for encyclopedia/dictionary

Shorten, R 2026, Totalitarianism. in T Ambrosio & S Hall (eds), Encyclopedia of Authoritarianism. Edward Elgar.

Shorten, R 2023, Reactionism. in J Chacko Chennattuserry, M Deshpande & P Hong (eds), Encyclopedia of New Populism and Responses in the 21st Century. 1 edn, Springer Nature, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9859-0_321-1

View all publications in research portal

Expertise

reactionaries; politics of the hard right (history, ideology, rhetoric); totalitarianism (history, ideology, rhetoric)