This is the result of the most recent national Research Excellence Framework exercise (REF), which assessed research publications and the public impact of research carried out in all universities in the UK 2008-2014. It is significant because the four UK higher education funding bodies allocate around £2 billion per year of research funding to UK universities, based on the quality and volume of each university’s research. The REF also provides accountability for public investment in research, demonstrates its benefits, and provides important benchmarking information about the research performance of UK universities.