This may be of concern to a significant number of people in the UK. Depression, if it is strictly defined, impacts on about 2.9% of the population in the previous week, according to the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2014 (report available from NHS Digital). About 30% of people receiving treatment for depression will not respond to at least 2 consecutive treatments and are generally considered to be “treatment-resistant”. That represents a very large number of people in the UK that this new treatment Esketamine could be considered for, and so this NICE consultation recommendation matters. This is especially the case given there is not a large amount of evidence to guide treatment in this area, and the suffering that this condition causes.